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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Carcinoma of the cervix: an analysis of prognostic factors, treatment and patterns of failure following Wertheims hysterectomy (1992)
    238 Main Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA : Blackwell Scientific Publications
    International journal of gynecological cancer 2 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1525-1438
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A clinicopathologic analysis of 70 patients treated by radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy following primary radical surgery has been undertaken. Clinical stage at presentation was IB (58 patients) and IIA (12 patients). Thirty-five patients (50%) had squamous carcinoma, 23 (33%) had adenosquamous carcinoma, 9 (13%) had adenocarcinoma and 3 (4%) had an undifferentiated neoplasm. The reasons for further treatment were: (i) pelvic lymph node metastases (PLNM), 35 (50%); (ii) inadequate central clearance (ICC), 13 (18%); (iii) recurrent disease (RD), 17 (24%); (iv) others, 5 (8%) cases. Sixty-seven patients had radiotherapy, one of whom also received adjuvant chemotherapy, three patients had chemotherapy alone, and 12 patients received chemotherapy for recurrence following radiotherapy. The 5-year survival in the above referral groups were: (i) 66%; (ii) 62%; (iii) 12%. The site of relapse following treatment was primarily pelvic in groups 2 (ICC) and 3 (RD) and extrapelvic in group 1 (PLNM). Of the histologic parameters studied the only factor of statistical significance in predicting outcome in this group who are recognized to have a generally poor prognosis was the presence of parametrial extension (P = 0.0066). Six cases (9%) developed complications following therapy, lymphoedema being the most common (66%).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1525-1438.1992.02060323.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    c-erbB-3 proto-oncogene expression in uterine cervical carcinoma (1995)
    Suite 500, 5th Floor, 238 Main Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA : Blackwell Science Ins.
    International journal of gynecological cancer 5 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1525-1438
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Over-expression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and c-erbB-2, in uterine cervical carcinomas, is associated with a worsened prognosis. A third member of this proto-oncogene family, c-erbB-3, has now been identified and its over-expression has been described in a variety of carcinomas. In this immunohistochemical study we have shown that c-erbB-3 is widely expressed in cervical carcinomas, but we have found no association between its over-expression and lymph node status or clinical outcome. In a similar study examining the expression of EGFR and c-erbB-2 it was possible to demonstrate an association between over-expression and a worse prognosis. We conclude, therefore, that it is unlikely that demonstration of c-erbB-3 over-expression will be of any value as a prognostic indicator in carcinoma of the uterine cervix.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1525-1438.1995.05040282.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An immunohistochemical study of the incidence and significance of carcinoembryonic antigen in malignant endometrium (1995)
    Suite 500, 5th Floor, 238 Main Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA : Blackwell Science Inc.
    International journal of gynecological cancer 5 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1525-1438
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: In an immunohistochemical study of the presence of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in endometrial carcinomas, it was found that CEA was detectable in 92 of 171 neoplasms, an incidence of 53.8%. The antigen was unrelated to important prognostic variables, both clinical and histopathologic, and overall there was no difference in survival rates between CEA-positive and CEA-negative endometrial neoplasms during the 10-year follow-up period. CEA-negative carcinomas did, however, confer longer survival in certain subgroups of patients: those with adenocarcinomas arising from a hyperplastic endometrium, those with neoplasms of poor differentiation, and those who, in addition to surgery, received irradiation treatment. It is suggested that immunoperoxidase staining for CEA may provide an independent method for predicting radiosensitivity in endometrial carcinomas, and also may be indicative of prognosis within some forms of this malignancy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1525-1438.1995.05030204.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Prognostic factors in uterine cervical carcinoma: a clinicopathological analysis (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    International journal of gynecological cancer 1 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1525-1438
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. A clinicopathological analysis of 235 patients with stage IB/IIA cervical carcinoma was performed. These patients represent all those treated between 1975 and 1989 inclusive by primary Wertheim's hysterectomy at St Mary's Hospital, Manchester. We found that a significantly higher proportion of tumors from patients under 40 years of age contained mucin and that overall the adenosquamous carcinomas had a significantly greater incidence of lymph node metastases (P= 0.00049). Pelvic lymph node metastases had no effect on prognosis in these adenosquamous carcinomas but did in squamous carcinomas (P= 0.0004) and adenocarcinomas (P= 0.0001). Univariate log-rank analysis showed that variables associated with survival were: pregnancy at diagnosis (P= 0.0238), lymphatic permeation (P 〈 0.0001), vascular permeation (P 〈 0.0001), lymph node metastases (P 〈 0.0001), tumor volume (P 〈 0.0001), canal length of tumor (P= 0.0009), cervical stromal tumor-free rim (P= 0.0027), parametrial extension (P= 0.0008) and adequacy of excision (P= 0.0389). In a multivariate regression analysis (Cox's regression model) lymphatic permeation, tumor volume, pregnancy at diagnosis and lymph node metastases were independent prognostic variables.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1525-1438.1991.tb00034.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Type I and Type II estrogen and progesterone binding sites in endometrial carcinomas: their value in predicting survival (1993)
    238 Main Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA : Blackwell Scientific Publications
    International journal of gynecological cancer 3 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1525-1438
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A simple and inexpensive immunocytochemical technique has been used to demonstrate estrogen (EB) and progesterone binding sites (PB) in endometrial carcinoma. Tumors were considered as being ‘binding-site’ rich if more than 40% of the component epithelial cells were positive for hormone binding sites (HB). By this criterion, over half of the adenocarcinomas studied were HB rich. Significantly higher 5- and 10-year survival rates were found in women whose tumors were HB rich compared with those whose neoplasms were HB poor, and a similar trend was established for patients with a combined EB rich/PB rich status versus that of EB poor/EB poor. This beneficial effect of a rich Type I and Type II receptor site status on survival, however, was shown only to a limited extent for EB. These results were independent of adjuvant treatment and of all clinical and histopathological features of known prognostic importance, save tumor differentiation. It is concluded that the immunocytochemical determination of HB status in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues adds significantly to the prognostic information available for endometrial adenocarcinoma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1525-1438.1993.03020080.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Vimentin intermediate filament expression in uterine cervical carcinoma (1996)
    Suite 500, 5th Floor, 238 Main Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA : Blackwell Science Inc.
    International journal of gynecological cancer 6 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1525-1438
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The expression of vimentin intermediate filament has been examined in 62 cases of stage IB/IIA uterine cervical carcinoma as it has been demonstrated that some vimentin-positive epithelial neoplasms arising in the breast, stomach and kidney have an aggressive clinical behavior. No correlation was found between vimentin staining in cervical carcinomas and tumor differentiation, lymph node status or clinical outcome although vimentin-positive adenocarcinomas had a non-statistically significant tendency to lack metastases.Despite being over-expressed in each of the three main tumor subtypes, it appears unlikely that vimentin analysis will prove to be useful as a prognostic indicator in uterine cervical carcinoma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1525-1438.1996.06050376.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Angiogenesis in endometrial carcinoma (1996)
    Suite 500, 5th Floor, 238 Main Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA : Blackwell Science Inc.
    International journal of gynecological cancer 6 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1525-1438
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Increasing microvessel density correlates with adverse prognosis in many tumors. The aim of this study was to quantify angiogenesis in a range of endometrial carcinomas, by measuring microvessel density in the stroma, and to explore any relationship with known prognostic features. Sections from 60 hysterectomy specimens were stained with Factor VIII related antigen, and the microvessel count per mm2 of stroma was determined for each case. Carcinomas arising in an atrophic or inactive endometrium had a significantly higher stromal vascular density than those arising in a hyperplastic or proliferative endometrium. There was no significant association between stromal vascular density, and age, histologic grade, tumor type, presence of lymphovascular space permeation, or depth of myometrial invasion. We conclude that higher stromal vascularity is a feature of the more aggressive subtype of endometrial carcinomas arising in an atrophic endometrium but does not correlate with any other prognostic features.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1525-1438.1996.06050385.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) immunoreactivity in ovarian serous and mucinous neoplasms: diagnostic and prognostic value (1993)
    238 Main Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA : Blackwell Scientific Publications
    International journal of gynecological cancer 3 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1525-1438
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Sixty-two serous and mucinous ovarian tumors, an admixture of benign, borderline and malignant neoplasms, were immunostained for proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), with the monoclonal antibody PC10. The PC10 index, the proportion of cells showing nuclear positive staining, was calculated in each case. All the tumors showed positive immunoreactivity for PCNA. There was no overlap of PC10 counts between benign, borderline and malignant serous tumors but within the mucinous group of neoplasms there was considerable overlap between the counts for borderline and malignant tumors. There was no relationship between the PC10 index and the surgical stage of the malignant neoplasms and the index could not be correlated with patient death. Staining for PCNA does not, therefore, appear to be of any prognostic value in ovarian adenocarcinomas.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1525-1438.1993.03060391.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cervical carcinoma: a hazard model in early stage disease (1992)
    Three Cambridge Center, Massachusetts 02142, USA : Blackwell Scientific Publications Inc.
    International journal of gynecological cancer 2 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1525-1438
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The 235 patients with stage IB/IIA cervical carcinoma treated by Wertheim’s hysterectomy, as a primary procedure, at St Mary’s Hospital, Manchester between 1975 and 1989 inclusive, form the basis of this study. Using Cox’s regression model, four variables were shown to have independent prognostic significance. These were: (1) lymphatic permeation (adjacent to the tumor); (2) tumor volume; (3) being pregnant at diagnosis and (4) lymph node metastases. A heuristic model was formulated which was based upon these four factors and by using this information it was possible to separate the patients into four distinct prognostic groups. It is suggested that this model may prove useful in identifying those patients at a higher risk of dying of disease and who would benefit from early adjuvant systemic therapy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1525-1438.1992.02020079.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An immunohistochemical study of the incidence and significance of C-erbB-2 oncoprotein overexpression in ovarian neoplasia (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    International journal of gynecological cancer 1 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1525-1438
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Wilkinson N, Todd N, Buckley CH, Gusterson BA, Fox H. An immunohistochemical study of the incidence and significance of C-erb-B oncoprotein overexpression in ovarian neoplasia. Int J Gynecol Cancer 1991; 1: 285–289.An immunohistochemical study was made of overexpression of the c-erbB-2 oncogene product in benign, borderline and malignant epithelial neoplasms of the ovary. Positive staining was found only in 2 of 15 mucinous tumors of borderline malignancy and in 11 of 16 mucinous adenocarcinomas. Positive staining was not detected in serous or endometrioid tumors. Amongst the group of mucinous adenocarcinomas, no correlation could be found between overexpression of c-erbB-2 oncoprotein and tumor stage, tumor differentiation or patient survival. It is concluded that overexpression of c-erbB-2 oncoprotein is not an adverse prognostic factor in ovarian adenocarcinoma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1525-1438.1991.tb00057.x
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