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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 54 (1994), S. 91-95 
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Fat ; Ultrasound attenuation ; Speed-of-sound ; Os calcis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Measurements of the speed-of-sound (SOS) and of the broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA) on the os calcis were recently proposed to assess osteoporotic fragility. Velocity and attenuation were measured through the heel which can be divided in three phases including hydroxyapatite, soft tissue, and fat. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of fat composition and heel width on SOS and BUA. This influence was determined from both in vitro investigations examining fat samples, phantoms, and cadaver heels, and in vivo ones observing adult volunteers as well as a wide sample section of healthy elderly women. Ultrasound velocities on various fat samples were significantly lower than those on distilled water (-65 m/second to -123 m/second). The excision of the surrounding soft tissue from cadaver heels made SOS steadily increase whereas the insertion of a 10 mm piece of lard in the lateral face of cadavers' and volunteers' heels os calcis lowered SOS about 30 m/second. ond. Furthermore, a difference of SOS was estimated at 15 m/second for a 12.5% variation of the marrow fat weight. Among 334 elderly and healthy women aged 75 and over, a significant negative correlation was found between SOS and heel width (r=-0.27; P〈0.0001). On the other hand, fat composition had no significant effect on BUA measurement, and no significant relationship was found between BUA and heel width. This study demonstrates that an increase of heel width and fat thickness provides an underestimation of os calcis SOS, but has no significant effect on BUA.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Key words: CT angiography ; Pulmonary arteries ; Pulmonary embolism ; CT technique
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The objective of this study was to analyze the influence of collimation on the identification of peripheral pulmonary arteries on helical CT scans. Three hundred sixty of 370 consecutive helical CT angiograms of the pulmonary circulation obtained during an 18-month investigation period were considered as technically acceptable for the detection of acute pulmonary embolism and were retrospectively analyzed. Patients in group A (n = 274) underwent CT with 2-mm collimation and pitch of 2; those in group B (n = 86) underwent CT with 3-mm collimation and pitch 1.7; a 0.75-s rotation time was systematically used. A total of 2160 segmental (six arterial zones per patient) and 2160 subsegmental (six arterial zones per patient) arterial zones were assessed. Whereas the percentage of segmental arteries was not significantly different between group A (86 %) and group B (89 %), the percentage of analyzable subsegmental arteries was greater in group A (65 %) than in group B (43 %) (P 〈 0.001). The causes of inadequately depicted subsegmental arterial zones were partial-volume effects (group A, n = 302; 52 %; group B, n = 197; 67 %; P 〈 0.001), suboptimal enhancement (group A, n = 145; 25 %; group B, n = 43; 15 %; P 〈 0.05), motion artifacts (group A, n = 113; 20 %; group B, n = 30; 10 %), and unincluded arteries (group A, n = 20; 3 %; group B, n = 25; 8 %). Helical CT with 2-mm collimation at 0.75 s per revolution enables marked improvement in the analysis of subsegmental arteries in routine clinical practice.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Surgical and radiologic anatomy 14 (1992), S. 307-313 
    ISSN: 1279-8517
    Keywords: Shoulder ; Rotation-abduction ; Motion analyser ; Elite system ; Biomechanics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé L'analyse en 3 dimensions du mouvement de rotation-abduction de l'épaule dans le plan du scapulum a été réalisée par un système optoélectronique (système Elite) chez 10 sujets témoins et chez 20 patients présentant une pathologie de l'épaule: 10 capsulites rétractiles et 10 perforations trophiques de la coiffe des rotateurs. Les patients présentant une pathologie de l'épaule ont été traités par rééducation et la procédure a été réitérée après traitement. Trajectoires, angles et vitesses de déplacement de 8 sites cutanés correspondant à des repères osseux précis (3 rachidiens, 3 scapulaires et 2 huméraux) ont pu être analysés par cette technique. Les informations fournies par le site olécrânien et par l'étude de l'angle scapulohuméral, entre le bord libre de la scapula et l'humérus, sont apparues les plus intéressantes. Elles différencient nettement la rotation-abduction d'une épaule normale de celle d'une épaule pathologique et permettent de suivre l'évolution au cours du traitement rééducatif.
    Notes: Summary Kinematics of shoulder rotation-abduction in the plane of the scapula were analysed using the Elite system. We evaluated 10 asymptomatic subjects and 20 patients with painful conditions affecting the shoulder, 10 adhesive capsulitis and 10 rotator cuff-tears. The last pathologic cases were reexamined after rehabilitation treatment. The Elite system computed on line the trajectories of 8 retro reflective markers glued on the main reference points (3 on the spine, 3 on the scapula and 2 on the humerus). Angles and linear velocities were also evaluated. The lower humeral site displacement and gleno-humeral angle increase allowed differention of the normal shoulder rotation-abduction from the abnormal movement. Hence, rehabilitation progress could be followed up.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Surgical and radiologic anatomy 2 (1980), S. 201-207 
    ISSN: 1279-8517
    Keywords: nerf médian ; poignet ; fascicules ; microchirurgie
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Résumé Les auteurs ont procédé à l'étude macroscopique du nerf médian au poignet à partir de 50 dissections personnelles en insistant sur les nombreuses variations qui existent dans la naissance du rameau thénarien et dans son mode de division. Par coupes histologiques sériées et à la suite de dissections fasciculaires, il apparaît que le nombre de fascicules histologiques est variable d'un sujet à l'autre et chez le même sujet d'un côté à l'autre (24 fascicules en moyenne) avec des écarts de 13 à 40 fascicules. Ceci permet de comprendre l'impossibilité d'établir une cartographie qui aiderait au repérage du rameau thénarien. Sur le même tronc, le nombre de fascicules, quoique dans des proportions moindres, est aussi variable du fait de l'existence de regroupement et de redispersion fasciculaire selon les niveaux. La disposition fasciculaire reste cependant longitudinale endoneurale avec peu d'échange inter-fasciculaire ce qui permet une dissection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1279-8517
    Keywords: Internal carotid artery ; Vein graft ; Extracranial bypass ; Telescoping
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In the surgical treatment of aneurysms of the upper cervical portion of the internal carotid a., exclusion of the affected vascular segment combined with an extra-anatomic cervico-petrous bypass using a vein graft (great saphenous v.) may be considered. One of the problems specific to these extra-anatomic bypasses is asociated with the sub-cutaneous positioning of the vein graft, exposing it to risks of angulation, torsion or extrinsic compression that may lead to early venous thrombosis. We suggest an alternative technique using the principle of telescoping and consisting of positioning the vein graft within the cervical portion of the artery (“in situ” bypass). The cervical portion of the ICA may be used as a tunnel for the vein graft since there are no collateral arterial branches at this level. The technical features of such a bypass are defined by means of an anatomo-surgical study in the cadaver: exposure of the petrous portion of the internal carotid a. in its horizontal segment by subtemporal access, exposure of the ICA in the neck, transverse arteriotomies of the ICA, angioplasty with a Fogarty balloon, intracarotid telescoping of a saphenous vein graft from the cervical to the petrous region, distal end-to-end anastomosis between the vein graft and the petrous portion of the ICA, and proximal end-to-end anastomosis between the vein graft and the cervical portion of the ICA.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Surgical and radiologic anatomy 1 (1978), S. 81-84 
    ISSN: 1279-8517
    Keywords: hanche ; arthrographie ; ponction articulaire
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Résumé Les auteurs étudient les divers types d'accès par ponction à l'articulation de la hanche. Les coupes anatomiques montrent qu'on ne peut se fier à aucun repère cutané. Seul le contrôle radioscopique télévisé peut permettre en toute sécurité la ponction de l'interligne coxofémorale, la voie supéro-externe de Massare étant alors la voie anatomique la plus pratique.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Surgical and radiologic anatomy 1 (1978), S. I 
    ISSN: 1279-8517
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1279-8517
    Keywords: Gastroduodenal artery ; Pancreaticoduodenal arteries, superior and posterior ; Bile duct ; Hemorrhagic ulcer ; Duodenum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Les auteurs ont analysé les rapports anatomiques de l'artère gastroduodénale (AGD) et de l'artère pancréatico-duodénale postérieure et supérieure (APDPS) avec le conduit cholédoque dans leur trajet rétroduodénal à partir de 35 blocs duodéno-pancréatiques sains et injectés après prélèvement. Les distances entre l'AGD, le pylore et le conduit cholédoque ont été mesurées dans le plan frontal. Les distances entre l'AGD et le conduit cholédoque ont également été mesurées dans le plan sagittal. L'origine et le trajet de l'APDPS par rapport au conduit cholédoque ont été étudiés. Les rapports de l'AGD et du conduit cholédoque ont été classés en 4 types : Type 1 (n=22) ces deux éléments s'éloignaient progressivement, l'artère se situant à gauche du conduit cholédoque; Type 2: (n=7) ils se rapprochaient sans se croiser; Type 3 : (n=5) l'AGD croisait le conduit cholédoque par en avant à la face dorsale de la partie supérieure du duodénum (D1) ; Type 4 : (n=1) l'AGD croisait le conduit cholédoque au dessus de D1 et cheminait le long de son bord droit. L'APDPS naissait à la face dorsale de D1 dans 20 % des cas (n=7) et croisait la face ventrale du conduit cholédoque à la face dorsale de D1. Dans 4 cas il n'existait pas d'interposition de tissu pancréatique entre l'APDPS et le conduit cholédoque. Il en résulte que le risque de plaie cholédocienne lors de l'hémostase d'un ulcère hémorragique de D1 par des points transfixiants est important lors d'un croisement des éléments artériels (AGD ou APDPS) et du conduit cholédoque. Ce risque est majoré en l'absence d'interposition de tissu pancréatique.
    Notes: Summary The anatomic relationships of the gastroduodenal artery (GDA) and the posterior superior pancreaticoduodenal artery (PSPD) with the bile duct in their retroduodenal courses were studied in 35 bloc specimens from normal cadavers, injected after removal. The distances between the GDA, the pylorus, and the bile duct were measured in the sagittal plane. The origin and course of the PSPD in relation to the bile duct were studied. The relation of the GDA and the bile duct were divisable into four types: in Type 1 (n=22) the two structures separated progressively, the artery being on the left of the bile ducts; in Type 2: (n=7) the structures approached each other without crossing, Type 3: (n=5) the GDA crossed in front of the bile duct at the level of the first part of the duodenum (D1), Type 4: (n=1) the GDA crossed the bile duct below D1 and ran along its right border. The PSPD originated at the posterior face of D1 in 20% of cases (n=7) and crossed the anterior surface of the bile duct at the posterior surface of D1. In four cases there was no pancreatic tissue between the PSPD and the bile ducs. It follows that the risk of injury to the bile duct when securing hemostasis by transfixing a bleeding duodenal ulcer in the D1 segment is great when the arterial structures (GDA and PSPD) cross the bile duct. This risk is increased when there is no pancreatic tissue between them.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Surgical and radiologic anatomy 2 (1979), S. I 
    ISSN: 1279-8517
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Surgical and radiologic anatomy 2 (1980), S. 289-298 
    ISSN: 1279-8517
    Keywords: plexus brachial ; anatomie ; histologie fasciculaire ; microchirurgie
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Résumé L'essor de la microchirurgie nerveuse a remis à l'ordre du jour le traitement chirurgical des lésions du plexus brachial de l'adulte. A la lumière de 100 dissections, l'on constate de nombreuses variations de longueur des différents segments nerveux. Par coupes histologiques sériées, la systématisation fascicularies est décrite et fait apparaître que le nombre de fascicules augmente de la partie proximale à la partie distale avec de grandes différences d'un sujet à l'autre. Le nombre de fibres nerveuses très élevé avec les variations d'orientation topographique permettent de comprendre les difficultés rencontrées dans la chirurgie reconstructrice du plexus brachial.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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