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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Abstract. Leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) is a single-chain polypeptide that previously was shown in mice to produce hypercalcemia and influence skeletal growth and turnover. We performed dose-response studies to determine if LIF alters the serum calcium or histomorphometry of the tibia in growing male rats. Forty animals were divided into five groups of eight animals each. Recombinant human LIF, 0.01, 0.1, 1, or 10 μg/100 g body wt, or vehicle was administered daily S.C. for 3 weeks. Compared with controls it was found that LIF increased mean serum calcium at the two highest doses (11.4 ± 0.1 versus 10.8 ± 0.1 mg/dl, P= 0.0005 by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) but did not alter static or dynamic measurements of histomorphometry or length of the tibia. We conclude that in growing rats, high systemic concentrations of LIF result in hypercalcemia with no changes in bone turnover.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 56 (1995), S. 311-315 
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Prednisone inhibits bone formation and causes bone loss. To investigate possible mechanisms and sites, the effects of sham operation, ovariectomy, and prednisone were determined on bone and mineral metabolism in 7-week-old growing female rats. Forty animals were divided into groups of 10 each. Sham operation and ovariectomy were performed. One week later, pellets containing 5 mg prednisone or drug free were implanted S.C. at the back of the neck. Four weeks later, animals were sacrificed and tibiae were removed for histomorphometric analysis of the middiaphysis and proximal metaphysis. In both sham-operated and ovariectomized rats, prednisone (1) reduced weight gain (P〈0.02) and did not alter uterine weight; (2) lowered serum magnesium (Mg) (P〈0.001) and did not change serum calcium (Ca), phosphate (P), 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD), or 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D [1,25(OH)2D]; (3) produced striking increases in calcified cartilage, reduced cross-sectional area (P〈0.05) and cortical area (P〈0.01) and did not change medullary area of the tibial diaphysis; (4) lowered periosteal and endocortical bone formation and apposition rates; and (5) increased mean cancellous bone area (P〈0.05) and cancellous bone perimeter (P〈0.01) of the tibial metaphysis. In both control and prednisone-treated rats, ovariectomy (1) reduced uterine weight (P〈0.001); (2) did not change serum Ca, P, Mg, 25OHD, or 1,25(OH)2D; (3) did not change mean cross-sectional, medullary, or cortical areas; (4) increased periosteal bone formation and apposition rates (P〈0.01) and did not alter endosteal bone formation and apposition rates, and (5) decreased cancellous bone area (P〈0.01) and cancellous bone perimeter (P〈0.01). Thus, in short-term studies, prednisone increased calcified cartilage and inhibited the formation of cortical bone at periosteal and endosteal surfaces and reduced cortical bone of the tibia in both sham-operated and ovariectomized, rapidly growing animals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1434-6052
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Transverse energy distributions have been measured for collisions of 10 GeV/nucleon Si with targets of Al, Cu and Pb using a combination of a NaI wall and a uranium based sampling calorimeter. The measured cross sectionsdσ/dE T anddE T /dη are consistent with full stopping and an increase, with increasing values ofE T , of energy flow into large angles.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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