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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 126 (1994), S. 158-164 
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Peripheral nerve ; nerve graft ; basal lamina ; immunogenicity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary This study describes the ability of acellular nerve allografts (genetically different) to repair injured peripheral nerve in rats and rabbits. We recently reported the regeneration supporting potential and immunogenicity of acellular nerve allografts in rats7. The present study extends our previous work and quantitates the extent of axonal regeneration through various nerve grafts in rats. In addition, the use of longer nerve grafts to repair rabbit peripheral nerve is described. Inbred strains of Fischer and Buffalo rats and New Zealand white and Dutch rabbits were used. Acellular grafts were prepared by repeated freezing and thawing of in situ degenerated nerves. Nonfrozen predegenerated nerves were used as cellular grafts for comparison. Nerve isografts (genetically identical) were also performed. The graft length was 2.0 cm in rats and 4.0 cm in rabbits. In both rats and rabbits the cellular isografts showed the most rapid regeneration and target muscle innervation. The cellular allografts were invariably rejected and only showed limited regeneration. In contrast, acellular allografts, in spite of their mild immunogenicity, allowed significant regeneration through them. It is concluded that acellular nerve allografts are capable of supporting axonal regeneration because of their reduced immunogenicity, and thus can be used to bridge nerve gaps after nerve injury.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1573-6865
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Glycoconjugates of the extracellular matrix are important for the normal mechanical functions of connective tissue structures such as the temporomandibular joint disc. Since lectins are known to bind to sugar residues with high affinity, a variety of lectins were used to study the presence and distribution of glycoconjugates in the temporomandibular joint disc. Discs were removed from 6 to 8-month-old rabbits and either sectioned in a cryostat and processed for light microscopy or fixed in 2% glutaraldehyde and processed for electron microscopy. The frozen sections were incubated with fluorescein- or peroxidaseconjugated lectin solutions. Ultrathin sections mounted on grids were incubated with lectins combined with a colloidal gold marker system for electron microscopical study. Our results indicate thatCanavalia ensiformis agglutinin (ConA) showed little or no binding to the discal tissue.Triticum vulgaris agglutinin (WGA) andMacluras pomifera (MPA) were bound strongly to both the synovium and the extracellular matrix and WGA also bound to the territorial matrix of chondrocyte-like cells.Glycine max andArachis hypogoea agglutinins (SBA and PNA), were localized in the synovium and extracellular matrix but to a lesser degree than WGA and MPA. WGA, MPA,Griffonia simplicifolia II andUlex europaeus were bound by discal fibroblasts. WGA was also localized in lysosomes of synovial A-cells (macrophages). The electron microscopical studies with lectins and colloidal gold marker systems indicated that some areas of the disc may be fibrocartilagenous as had been suggested by earlier immunohistochemical studies using monoclonal antibodies to characteristic glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) in cartilage.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 209 (1984), S. 21-27 
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Extracellular matrix is known to play an important role during development and maintenance of various tissues. In the present study, changes in two extracellular matrix glycoproteins, fibronectin and laminin, were investigated in skeletal muscle undergoing immune rejection. Purified antibodies against fibronectin and laminin were used to analyze the matrix by indirect immunofluorescence at various intervals after transplantation of extensor digitorum longus muscle in rats. Fibronectin and laminin were localized in the pericellular basement membrane zone of the normal myofibers; however, the cytoplasm was devoid of both glycoproteins. Transplanted muscle grafts underwent a process of degeneration and then an initial regeneration during the first 7 days. This regeneration effort ceased with the onset of muscle rejection in 14-day transplants. At this time, fibronectin was seen in the cytoplasmic region as well as the extracellular matrix of myofibers and myotubes. At later time intervals, an increased intensity of staining for fibronectin was seen throughout the rejected muscle. In muscle grafts undergoing regeneration but not rejection (i.e., nonantigenic grafts), such an increase in the presence of fibronectin was not seen (Gulati et al., 1982). The distribution of laminin did not change during the rejection process and was localized in the basement membrane zone of myofibers and myotubes, although the overall configuration of the basement membranes was deformed and collapsed. It appears that the basement membranes are resistant to degradation, and staining for laminin persists in rejected muscle. These results show marked changes in the extracellular matrix of muscle undergoing rejection. The appearance of fibronectin during the initial stages of muscle rejection may have a causal relationship to the process of immune defence mechanism; however, the exact role of fibronectin remains elusive.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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