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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Keywords P-selectin ; E-selectin ; diabetic nephropathy ; advanced glycation endproducts ; macrophage.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In diabetic nephropathy leukocytes, mainly composed of monocytes/macrophages, which accumulate in the glomeruli and the interstitium, play an important part in the progression of glomerulosclerosis. The infiltration of leukocytes into inflammatory tissues or atherosclerotic lesions is mediated by adhesion molecules, which are expressed on the vascular endothelial cells, although little is known about the mechanism of leukocyte infiltration into diabetic renal tissues. P- and E-selectin are leukocyte adhesion molecules, which are expressed on the vascular endothelial cells and promote the adhesion of leukocytes to the endothelium. We investigated the expression of P- and E-selectin in the kidney tissue of patients with diabetic nephropathy and compared it with that of patients with other glomerular diseases (minimal change nephrotic syndrome, membranous nephropathy, IgA nephropathy, mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritis, and lupus nephritis). Expression of P- and E-selectin were both significantly increased in the glomeruli and the interstitium of patients with diabetic nephropathy as compared with those with other glomerular diseases. P- and E-selectin were both expressed along the glomerular capillaries and the peritubular capillaries in the interstitium. Neither P- nor E-selectin were correlated with the number of infiltrated leukocytes in the glomeruli, however, interestingly the E-selectin expression on peritubular capillaries was correlated with the number of infiltrated CD14 positive cells in the interstitium. These results suggest that E-selectin may play a key role in leukocyte infiltration into the renal interstitium in patients with diabetic nephropathy. [Diabetologia (1998) 41: 185–192]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Apolipoprotein(a) ; diabetes mellitus ; family study ; lipids ; lipoprotein(a) ; lipoproteins ; phenotypes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We studied the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] as a function of apolipoprotein(a) [apo(a)] phenotype in 87 members (42 males, 45 females) of 20 diabetic families, 26 of whom were diagnosed with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) with moderate glycaemic control (HbA1c7.1±1.2%). Apo(a) phenotyping was performed by a sensitive, high-resolution technique using SDS-agarose/gradient PAGE (3–6%). To date, 26 different apo(a) phenotypes, including a null type, have been identified. Serum Lp(a) levels of NIDDM patients and non-diabetic members of the same family who had the same apo(a) phenotypes were compared, while case control subjects were chosen from high-Lp(a) non-diabetic and low-Lp(a) non-diabetic groups with the same apo(a) phenotypes in the same family. Serum Lp(a) levels were significantly higher in NIDDM patients than in non-diabetic subjects (39.8±33.3 vs 22.3±19.5 mg/dl, p〈0.05). The difference in the mean Lp(a) level between the diabetic and non-diabetic groups was significantly (p〈0.05) greater than that between the high-Lp(a) non-diabetic and low-Lp(a) non-diabetic groups. An analysis of covariance and a least square means comparison indicated that the regression line between serum Lp(a) levels [log Lp(a)] and apo(a) phenotypes in the diabetic patient group was significantly (p〈0.01) elevated for each apo(a) phenotype, compared to the regression line of the control group. These data, together with our previous findings that serum Lp(a) levels are genetically controlled by apo(a) phenotypes, suggest that Lp(a) levels in diabetic patients are not regulated by smaller apo(a) isoforms, and that serum Lp(a) levels are greater in diabetic patients than in non-diabetic family members, even when they share the same apo(a) phenotypes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 62 (1984), S. 340-344 
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Pituitary gland ; Tumor ; Folliculo-stellate ; Cell adenoma
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary An unusual tumor of the pituitary gland is reported. The most characteristic finding of the present tumor was the presence of numerous “colloid” and mucoid secretions. The cells were stellate in shape and there were intra- or intercellular lumina which were lined by many microvilli and occasional cilia. There were also large accumulations of 10 nm filaments in their cytoplasm. Junctional devices were well formed at the points of mutual contact of these cells. They thus correspond to fetal follicular cells of the anterior pituitary lobe. For this reason, “folliculo-stellate cell adenoma of the pituitary” would best characterize this hitherto undescribed neoplasm.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: CoenzymeQ10 ; Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ; Hypoxemia ; Exercise performance ; Blood lactate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Serum coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) levels were measured at rest and during incremental exercise in 21 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and 9 patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). The mean serum CoQ10 levels at rest in patients with COPD and IPF were 0.56 ± 0.20 and 0.45 ± 0.16 μg/ml, respectively. In both groups these levels were decreased compared with those of healthy subjects. In the patients with COPD, CoQ10 levels were significantly correlated with body weight, however, there was no correlation between CoQ10 levels and ventilatory function, PaO2, VO2/kg at rest, or maximal VO2. In eight of nine patients whose PaO2 at rest was lower than 75 torr, serum CoQ10 levels were lower than 0.5 μg/ml. We studied the effects of the oral administration of CoQ10 at 90 mg/day for 8 weeks on pulmonary function and exercise performance in eight patients with COPD. Serum CoQ10 levels were significantly elevated in association with an improvement in hypoxemia at rest, whereas pulmonary function was unaltered. Oxygen consumption during exercise was not changed, whereas PaO2 was significantly improved, and heart rate was significantly decreased compared with the results obtained at an identical workload at baseline. Furthermore, lactate production was suppressed during the anaerobic exercise stage after CoQ10 administration, and exercise performance tended to increase. These data suggested that CoQ10 has favorable effects on musclar energy metabolism in patients with chronic lung diseases who have hypoxemia at rest and/or during exercise.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Key words: Breast ; Nipple discharge ; Ductography ; Fiber-ductoscopy ; Papilloma ; Diagnosis ; Nonpalpable breast cancer
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Nipple discharge disorders is a field in which there has been both increasing awareness on the part of patients and advances in management. Today secretion from nipples can be classified according to its color, cellularity and biology. To be significant a discharge should be true, spontaneous, persistent and non-lactational. Moreover there are methods to differentiate patients who require surgical intervention from those who do not. Surgically significant nipple discharges are watery, serous (yellow), serosanguineous and bloody. Cytology smears of discharge material have helped to classify the cellular material, providing information about normality, atypia and malignancy and also about papillary formation of the exfoliated cells. Tests such as Hemoccult help to discover occult blood in the secreted fluid. Modern immunological tests can be performed on cytology smears where occurrence of high levels of carcinoembryonic antigen could indicate a latent malignancy. Galactography investigation is today the state-of-the-art approach to investigate patients with nipple discharge disorders and this examination can demonstrate the size, location and extent of an intraductal abnormality. Modern high-resolution ultrasound techniques are helpful in visualizing intraductal disorders and are becoming a good complementary approach if not an alternative to traditional radiology techniques. Recently even MR galactography has been shown to be of diagnostic value, but not as informative as regular galactography. The most sophisticated investigation method, which can also be used therapeutically, is fiber-ductoscopy of the concerned duct in a breast. This technique, although expensive and in its infancy, is a fascinating and promising approach for inspecting the intraductal lumina. In this article the background, current investigation methods and possibilities of the technique are described, as well as the most sophisticated ways to deal with nipple discharge disorders in human breasts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Phenytoin ; Gingival hyperplasia ; p-HPPH enantiomers ; CYP2C ; fibroblast culture ; adverse effect
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The purpose of this study was to assess the possible role of the (R)- and (S)- enantiomers of the phenytoin metabolite p-HPPH in the pathogenesis of gingival hyperplasia (GH). About 98% of circulating p-HPPH is in the (S)-form. There were significant differences between patients with and without GH in (R)-p-HPPH level (0.055 vs 0.042 μg·ml−1), both enantiomer/racemate level ratios, and R/S enantiomeric ratio (0.0313 vs 0.0232); an increase in serum (R)-p-HPPH level was observed in patients with GH. In separate experiments, the effect of p-HPPH enantiomers on the proliferation of the normal human dermal fibroblast was studied. The in vitro study showed that (R)-p-HPPH selectively stimulated fibroblast growth. The results suggest that the least abundant metabolite, (R)-p-HPPH, is the most toxic with respect to gingival hyperplasia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 44 (1993), S. 535-539 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Apolipoproteins ; Hypercholesterolaemia ; Pravastatin ; lipids ; lipoproteins ; probucol
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effect of co-administration of low doses of pravastatin to hypercholesterolaemic patients already receiving long-term probucol treatment (mean 500–1,000 mg/day for 350 days) were investigated. Pravastatin 5 mg/day (Group 1; 12m, 13f; mean age 59.1 y) or 10 mg/day (Group 2; 8m, 11f; mean age 60.8 y) was administered, and blood was taken after 0, 3, 6, and 12 months. Both groups showed a significant reduction in serum total cholesterol (TC), phospholipid (PL), low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), LDL-triglyceride (TG), LDL-PL, apolipoprotein (apo) B, and apo E after the combined therapy. These levels were reduced more in Group 2 than in Group 1 subjects. In Group 2, significant falls in serum TG and apo CII were also observed. The changes in TC, PL, LDL-C, apo B, apo CII and apo E were dependent upon the dose of pravastatin, as assessed by two-way analysis of variance. Serum high density lipoprotein (HDL)3-C, apo AI and apo AII were slightly but significantly increased in both groups after 12 months of combined therapy, but the increase was not sufficient to reverse the probucol-induced lowering of the HDL level. We conclude that combined therapy resulted in a significant reduction in atherogenic lipoproteins and apolipoproteins, and an increasing dose of pravastatin (5 mg to 10 mg daily) made the lipid lowering effect more prominent. The reduction in serum HDL-C due to long-term probucol administration was not reversed by the addition of pravastatin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Bezafibrate ; Hypercholesterolaemia ; Probucol ; apolipoproteins ; lipids ; lipoproteins
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The effects of the administration of slow-release bezafibrate to hypercholesterolaemic patients who were already receiving long-term probucol treatment (mean 865 days, 500–1000 mg·day−1) were investigated. Bezafibrate was administered at either 200 mg·day−1 (13 males, 13 females, mean age 55.2 years) or 400 mg·day−1 (11 males, 14 females, mean age 57.2 years), and blood was taken at 0, 3, 6 and 12 months after the beginning of combination therapy. Overall, serum total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), very low density lipoprotein (VLDL)-TC, high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-TG, VLDL-TG, VLDL-phospholipid (PL), lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)], apolipoprotein (apo) C-III, apo E levels and LCAT activity decreased significantly with this combination therapy, while HDL cholesterol (C), HDL3-C, HDL-PL, apo A-I and apo A-II levels significantly increased, as assessed by analysis of variance (ANOVA). Five patients (one receiving 200 mg·day−1, four receiving 400 mg·day−1 bezafibrate) showed drastic reductions in HDL-C (HDL-C levels were reduced by a mean of 46.2%, 59.3% and 61.6% at 3, 6 and 12 months, respectively) after beginning combination therapy. These HDL-C reductions were maintained for the 1 year of combination therapy, but then returned to pre-combination treatment levels 1 month after discontinuation of bezafibrate. Serum probucol concentrations and cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) mass were assayed at 6 months, and the probucol concentration was higher in the HDL-deficient group (56.2 vs 26.5 μg/ml). In contrast, CETP mass was significantly lower in HDL-deficient patients than in non-HDL-deficient patients (2.08 vs 2.87 mg·l−1). When the patients in the non-HDL-deficient group were divided into two groups, receiving low (200 mg·day−1, n−25) and high (400 mg·day−1, n−21) doses of bezafibrate, the former group showed a significant increase in probucol-lowered HDL-C and apo A-I, although these levels did not return to pre-probucol treatment levels, while the latter group showed no changes in HDL. These data suggest that the addition of a low dose of bezafibrate to probucol tended to reverse probucol-induced HDL lowering, while 9.8% (5 of 51 patients) of the patients exhibited a severe HDL deficiency. Since it is unclear whether or not such an extreme HDL reduction is harmful, HDL deficiency should be carefully monitored with this combination therapy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: AlGaN/GaN HFETs were fabricated around micropipes and on a domain boundaryin a semi-insulating silicon carbide (SI-SiC) substrate and the DC characteristics of thefabricated devices were measured. Devices around micropipe showed no pinch-off or largegate leakage. The devices on the domain boundaries showed no degradation in theperformances, even though an X-ray topographic analysis indicated that crystal imperfections,due to the defects, propagated to the GaN layer across the hetero interface. Based on theseresults, we concluded that micropipe degrades the DC characteristics and that the domainboundary does not affect the DC characteristics. From Raman analysis on the devicesaround the micropipes, these degradations could be attributed to the free carriers introducedinto the GaN crystal by the micropipes
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 160 (1989), S. 948-953 
    ISSN: 0006-291X
    Keywords: Mb-deoxymyoglobin ; MbCO-carbon-monoxide-bound myoglobin
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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