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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Microtubule-like structures in the growing plastids or chloroplasts of two algae (1968)
    Springer
    Planta 81 (1968), S. 193-200 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary During oogenesis in Chara fibrosa, and in the enlarging, young daughter coenobia of Volvox spec., microtubule-like structures were found in growing plastids. These were appreciably bigger than the usual 240 Å cytoplasmic microtubules, measuring about 320 Å in diameter; a helical or banded organisation in the wall of these tubules was also evident. The tubules were generally present in greatest numbers when the plastids were elongating or enlarging.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00417448
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Incorporation of radioactivity into wheat xylem walls (1966)
    Springer
    Planta 71 (1966), S. 1-14 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Studies on the fine structural changes accompanying xylem differentiation in wheat coleoptile have indicated that the microtubules are concerned with the inception of a regular wall thickening pattern, and later with wall deposition at the thickening site. The endoplasmic reticulum is situated characteristically in continuous profiles between the thickenings. Radioautographic studies at the electron microscope level using labelled glucoses have shown that the endoplasmic reticulum, golgi bodies and the cytoplasm near the microtubules were often labelled during deposition into nearby thickenings of radioactive materials derived from the tritiated glucoses. Incorporation into the wall occurred mainly at the top of the thickenings. The plastids of the xylem cells were also often labelled, but only during the earlier stages of differentiation; when massive wall deposition was evident, such an incorporation was never observed. The fine structural and radioautographic results are briefly discussed in terms of the possible functions of the organelles in the plant cell.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00384638
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    “Bristly” cristae in algal mitochondria (1971)
    Springer
    Planta 100 (1971), S. 357-359 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary In forming zoospores of Oedogonium, mitochondria were found to contain numerous, evenly-spaced bristle-like structures projecting from the surface of cristae.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00385200
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Some ultrastructural features of Volvox, with particular reference to the phenomenon of inversion (1970)
    Springer
    Planta 90 (1970), S. 174-190 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Some features of the ultrastructure of Volvox are described. Golgi bodies were often associated with the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), and the two basal bodies appeared to be accompanied by two probasal bodies. A few vegetative cells were binucleate. All cells examined had a peripheral cytoskeleton of microtubules which was particularly well developed in the cells of sperm packets. During inversion of a colony, the cells elongated considerably, possibly due to the increased length of these peripheral microtubules; the cell profile also became some-what narrowed at the inner edge of the flexing colony. Cytoplasmic connections were large and numerous in young coenobia, but were generally absent in older vegetative colonies; by inversion, they had become confined to the chloroplast end of the cells where they seemed to act as hinges. Elements of the ER ran through these interconnections, possibly providing an intercellular communication network needed for the coordinated activity of inversion. A new structural feature was discovered in the form of circular (or possibly spiral) striations on the plasmalemma around these cytoplasmic connections. They were detectable just before inversion, and were most pronounced immediately after.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00388045
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mitosis and autospore formation in the green algaKirchneriella lunaris (1970)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 70 (1970), S. 325-347 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Asexual reproduction inKirchneriella lunaris involves autospore formation. After an initial mitosis, the curved cell cleaves to a variable extent, and then the nuclei divide again; finally the cytoplasm is partitioned into four around each nucleus. Rudimentary centrioles appear prior to the first mitosis; centriole complexes then become associated with a developing sheath of extranuclear microtubules at prophase; fenestrae appear at the poles through which both microtubules and centrioles migrate, preceding intranuclear spindle formation. The nucleus meanwhile is enveloped by a perinuclear layer of endoplasmic reticulum which is also interposed between the golgi body and nuclear envelope. Chromosome separation is accompanied by considerable spindle elongation. Finally the reforming nuclear envelope excludes both centriole complex and interzonal spindle apparatus from daughter nuclei. Cleavage is preceded by i) nuclear movement to the cell center, ii) movement of centriole complexes around daughter nuclei until they are opposite one another, and iii) the concurrent formation of a system of transverse microtubules extending across the cell. Other microtubules encircle the cell predicting the cleavage plane. A septum then appears amongst these cytokinetic microtubules, possibly derived from the plasmalemma; it extends across the cell too, through the cleaving peripheral chloroplast. Secondary mitoses follow (as above) during which this septum may be partially resorbed. Finally this septum is reformed, if necessary, and two other septa appear (as above) to quadripartition the cell. Mitotic and cytokinetic structures in this algae are briefly compared with some others.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01275761
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Metabolic inhibitors and mitosis: II. Effects of dinitrophenol/deoxyglucose and nocodazole on the microtubule cytoskeleton (1986)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 131 (1986), S. 60-74 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Mitosis ; ATP ; Metabolic inhibitors ; Spindle ; Microtubule
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary To examine the effects exerted on the microtubule (MT) cytoskeleton by dinitrophenol/deoxyglucose (DNP/DOG) and nocodazole, live PtK1 cells were treated with the drugs and then fixed and examined by immunofluorescence staining and electronmicroscopy. DNP/DOG had little effect on interphase MTs. In mitotic cells, kinetochore and some astral fibers were clearly shortened in metaphase figures by DNP/DOG. Nocodazole rapidly broke down spindle MTs (except those in the midbody), while interphase cells showed considerable variation in the susceptibility of their MTs. Nocodazole had little effect on MTs in energy-depleted (DNP/DOG-treated) cells. When cytoplasmic MTs had all been broken down by prolonged nocodazole treatment and the cells then released from the nocodazole block into DNP/DOG, some MT reassembly occurred in the ATP-depleted state. MTs in permeabilized, extracted cells were also examined with antitubulin staining; the well-preserved interphase and mitotic arrays of MTs showed no susceptibility to nocodazole. In contrast, MTs suffered considerable breakdown by ATP, GTP and ATPγS; AMPPNP had little effect. This susceptibility of extracted MT cytoskeleton to nucleotide phosphates was highly variable; some interphase cells lost all MTs, most were severely affected, but some retained extensive MT networks; mitotic spindles were diminished but structurally coherent and more stable than most interphase MT arrays. We suggest that: 1. in the living cell, ATP or nucleotide triphosphates (NTPs) are necessary for normal and nocodazole-induced MT disassembly; 2. the NTP requirement may be for phosphorylation; 3. shortening of kinetochore fibers may be modulated by compression and require ATP; 4. many of these results cannot be accomodated by the dynamic equilibrium theory of MT assembly/disassembly; 5. the use and role of ATP on isolated spindles may have to be reevaluated due to the effects ATP has on the spindle cytoskeleton of permeabilized cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01281687
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Metabolic inhibitors and mitosis: III. Effects of dinitrophenol on spindle disassembly inPinnularia (1986)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 132 (1986), S. 85-89 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Mitosis ; ATP, Microtubules ; Spindle ; Metabolic inhibitors
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary At telophase in the diatomPinnularia, the two half spindles that comprise the central spindle, separate and then disassemble unidirectionally from the end formerly in the central overlap, back to the pole (Soranno andPickett-Heaps 1982). The metabolic inhibitors dinitrophenol plus deoxyglucose were applied to cells at telophase, depleting their ATP levels at the early stages of half-spindle disassembly; the cells were maintained in this state for 5 minutes, before the inhibitors were washed out. Disassembly of the half spindles, as judged from their birefringence, ceased in ATP-depleted conditions, and recommenced soon after the inhibitors were removed, going to completion quite rapidly. We conclude that disassembly of these MTsin vivo requires energy, probably in the form of ATP.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01275794
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cell form mutants inMicrasterias (1982)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 113 (1982), S. 234-236 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Ethyl-methane sulfonate ; Micrasterias ; Mutants
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Two cell form mutants ofMicrasterias thomasiana have been isolated and have remained stable in culture for over two years. One mutant lacks the centrally located polar lobe and the other is a abnormally small cell.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01280912
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cell division in diatoms (1984)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 120 (1984), S. 132-154 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01287625
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Flagellar transformation in the heterokontEpipyxis pulchra (Chrysophyceae): Direct observations using image enhanced light microscopy (1988)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 145 (1988), S. 47-54 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Flagella ; Flagellar apparatus ; Epipyxis ; Chrysophyceae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Cells ofEpipyxis pulchra possess two heteromorphic flagella that differ markedly in function, particularly during motility and prey capture. Flagellar heterogeneity is achieved during the course of at least three cell cycles. Prior to cell division, cells produce two new long, hairy flagella while the parental long flagellum is transformed into a new short, smooth flagellum. The parental short flagellum remains a short flagellum for this and subsequent cell division cycles. Although flagellar transformation requires only two cell cycles, developmental differences exist between daughter cells and the maturation of a flagellum/basal body requires at least three cycles.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01323255
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