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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 65 (1987), S. 959-966 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Metastatic breast cancer ; Hormone monotherapy ; Tamoxifen ; Medroxyprogesterone acetate ; Aminoglutethimide ; Remission rates and duration ; Survival times
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We analyzed the results of clinical studies on the therapeutic efficacy of hormone monotherapy with tamoxifen, medroxyprogesterone acetate, and aminoglutethimide in metastatic breast cancer, which were published between 1971 and 1986 and involved altogether 7000 patients. The overall response rates in patients treated with these hormonal single agents at various dose levels ranged from 31%–42%. When only estrogen receptor-positive patients were considered, the response rates lay between 41% and 54% in groups which were treated with the antiestrogenic agents tamoxifen or aminoglutethimide. The duration of remission was 12 months for tamoxifen- and aminoglutethimide-treated women, whereas medroxy-progesterone acetate effected remissions lasting from 6–16 months. The overall mean survival from start of therapy in tamoxifen- and aminoglutethimide-treated groups was 20 months, whereas information concerning this therapeutic parameter was available only in a minority of medroxyprogesterone acetate-treated groups. With respect to the response by site of metastatic lesions, all three agents caused a significantly higher degree of remissions in the soft tissue as compared to visceral disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 55 (1977), S. 445-450 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Experimental mammary cancer ; Adriamycin ; Single agent therapy ; Combination therapie ; Tierexperimentelles Mammakarzinom ; Adriamycin ; Monotherapie ; Kombinationstherapie
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Am autochthonen Mammacarcinom der Ratte wurden in einer prospektiven, randomisierten Studie 7 klinisch wirksame Zytostatika in der Monotherapie und in Zweierkombinationen bei simultaner Gabe geprüft. In der Monotherapie zeigten alle 7 Zytostatika eine Tumorhemmung im Vergleich zur Kontrolle. Remissionsraten wie beim Mammacarcinom der Frau wurden mit den gewählten Dosierungen und Therapieschemen nicht erreicht. Ein in der Monotherapie vergleichbares, relatives Ansprechen wie in der Klinik wird erzielt, wenn neben den Remissionen die unter der Therapie stationär gebliebenen Tumoren als Therapieerfolg gewertet werden. Bei der Kombinationstherapie führten Adriamycin und 5-Fluor-Uracil in 62% (p〈0,05), Adriamycin und Prednisolon in 81% (p〈0,01), sowie Adriamycin und Cyclophosphamid in 54% zu Remissionen oder No Change gegenüber 30% bei der Monotherapie mit Adriamycin. Die drei genannten Kombinationen waren wirksamer als das Cooper-Schema. Nur die Kombination Adriamycin und Cyclophosphamid ergab eine Zunahme der Toxizität bei gleicher Dosierung wie bei der Monotherapie. Adriamycin und Vincristin zeigten keinen therapeutischen Synergismus. Die Kombinationstherapie führte zu höheren Remissions-No Change-Raten als die Monotherapie (p〈0,001). Wir schlagen vor, das Produkt der Parameter Respondrate und -dauer als Responderwartung zur Bewertung eines Therapieverfahrens in die Klinik einzuführen. Das vergleichbare relative Ansprechen in der Monotherapie sowie die Übereinstimmung mit zwei klinisch geprüften Kombinationen weisen auf die Übertragbarkeit chemotherapeutischer Ergebnisse vom autochthonen Mammacarcinom der Ratte auf das menschliche Mammacarcinom hin.
    Notes: Summary In a prospectively planned and randomised study 7 clinically active anti-cancer agents were tested as single-agents and in double-combinations by simultaneous application against the autochthonous mammary cancer of the rat. In single therapy all 7 anticancer agents displayed tumor inhibition in comparison to the control rats. Remission rates similar to those obtained in the mammary cancer of the woman could not be obtained at the dosages and schedules chosen. Single therapy produces an effectiveness which is relatively comparable to clinical treatment if, in addition to remissions the tumors remaining stationary are also considered as a therapeutic success. In combination chemotherapy, Adriamycin and 5-Fluor-Uracyl resulted in remission or no change in 62% (p〈0.05), Adriamycin and Prednisolone in 81% (p〈0.01), and Adriamycin and Cyclophosphamide in 54%; in contrast, the single therapy with Adriamycin showed remissions or no change in 30%. The 3 combinations above were more effective than the Cooper regimen. When a same dosage and schedule in combination therapy was used as in single therapy, only the combination of Adriamycin and Cyclophosphamide produced an increase of toxicity. Adriamycin and Vincristin showed no therapeutic synergism. Combination chemotherapy resulted in higher remission/no change rate than single therapy (p〈0.001). For clinical evaluation of treatment modalities we propose to introduce the product of responserate and response-duration as the response-expectation. The comparable relative effectiveness of the single therapy and the results of combination therapy which correspond to 2 clinically tested combinations suggest that the results of chemotherapeutic treatment of autochthonous mammary cancer of the rat can be extrapolated to human mammary cancer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Leukemia ; experimental therapy ; cytoxan ; nitroso-ureas ; Leukämie ; experimentelle Therapie ; Endoxan ; Nitrosoharnstoffe
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es wird über eine Kombinationstherapie bei einer Stammzellenleukämie der Ratte mit Endoxan und Methyl- bzw. n-Butyl-Nitrosoharnstoff berichtet. 70 Tage nach Beginn der Behandlung wurde bei allen Tieren eine vollständige Heilung erzielt.
    Notes: Summary A combination therapy of a stem-cell leukemia in rats is reported using cytoxan and N-methyl- or N-n-butyl-N-nitroso urea respectively. Seventy days after the treatment started all animals were completely restored to health.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 381 (1982), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Clinical & experimental metastasis 5 (1987), S. 9-16 
    ISSN: 1573-7276
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The cytostatic and antimetastatic activities of 1,2-di(3,5-dioxopiperazin-1-yl) propane (ICRF-159, razoxane) were studied in a transplantable, slowly growing osteosarcoma in Sprague-Dawley rats. This tumor model is characterized by osteoid formation and spontaneous metastasization to lungs, kidneys and lymph nodes. Razoxane given intraperitoneally (i.p.) from 2 days before to 14 days after tumor transplantation (30 mg/kg or 10 mg/kg per day) resulted in a dose-dependent prolongation of median survival time (83 or 48 days respectively, versus 38 days for the control group), but showed no influence on the growth of the primary tumor. Early treatment with razoxane (30 mg/kg i.p. from day −2 to + 14) showed a greater inhibition of pulmonary metastases than later treatment (30 mg/kg i.p. from day +14 to +28 after transplantation). Whereas 59·9 per cent of the total sectional area of the lungs in the control animals was covered by osteosarcoma metastases, only 3·4 per cent and 26·1 per cent respectively was affected in the early and late razoxane treatment groups. Toxic side-effects of these treatment schedules were reversible diffuse alopecia, but no retardation of body weight gain.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1438-2385
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Langenbeck's archives of surgery 325 (1969), S. 998-1008 
    ISSN: 1435-2451
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Bei Strahlenschäden der Haut mit größerer Ausdehnung können durch Anwendung der klassischen Verfahren des Hautersatzes im Sinne des Verschiebelappens nach Dieffenbach und des Rotations- oder Dehnungslappens nach Imre-Blaskowicz in fast allen Fällen gute Resultate erzielt werden. Die gezeigten Beispiele betreffen ausschließlich Patienten, bei denen die histologisch nachgewiesene maligne Geschwulst durch Bestrahlung beseitigt werden konnte. Nach Excision des strahlengeschädigten Gewebes waren histologisch keine Tumorreste mehr nachweisbar, die Strahlenschäden selbst konnten durch plastischen Hautersatz behoben werden.
    Notes: Summary In more extensive radiation damage to the skin good results can be achieved in nearly all cases by the use of the classic method of skin replacement by slide flaps according to Dieffenbach and by rotation or stretch flaps according to Imre-Blaskowicz. The examples shown are exclusively of patients in whom a histologically confirmed malignant tumor was removed by radiation. After excision of the tissue damaged by radiation no remnants of tumour could be demonstrated histologically. The radiation damage itself could be made good by plastic skin replacement.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Langenbeck's archives of surgery 329 (1971), S. 293-301 
    ISSN: 1435-2451
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Beobachtungen der „geographischen Pathologie” haben gezeigt, daß verschiedene Krebslokalisationen in verschiedenen Teilen der Erde mit teilweise extrem unterschiedlicher Häufigkeit auftreten. Dafür werden Ein flüsse der Umwelt bei den betrachteten Populationen verantwortlich gemacht. Lebensgewohnheiten, Sitten und Gebräuche bestimmen somit nicht nur das Krebsrisiko, sondern auch den Organbefall. Neben den bereits bekannten und gleichsam schon „historischen” Cancerogenen, wie z. B. höheren polycyclischen Aromaten oder aromatischen Aminen, wird in Gegenwart und Zukunft folgenden Problemen Bedeutung geschenkt werden müssen: 1. „Natürlich” vorkommende Carcinogene, z. B. in Pflanzen oder Mycotoxinen, 2. Pränatale Gefährdung durch Carcinogene, die transplancentar auf den Embryo einwirken, und 3. potentiell Carcinogene Arzneimittel, deren Kenntnis für den Arzt besonders wichtig erscheint. Instruktive Beispiele für diese drei Problemkreise werden aufgezeigt. Nach dem Stand unseres heutigen Wissens muß angenommen werden, daß die überwiegende Mehrzahl der Malignome durch exogene chemische Carcinogene bedingt ist.
    Notes: Summary Oberservations made in “geographical pathology” have shown that the various cancer sites seem to be affected with markedly different frequency in the various parts of the world. One assumes that the effects of environment on a particular population is responsible for this. Modes of life, habits and customs determine not only the cancer risk but also the organ that is likely to be affected. In addition to the already known and more or less “historical” cancerogens, such as for instance the polycyclic aromates or aromatic amines, we have now and in the future also to give some attention to the following problems: 1. “Naturally-occurring” carcinogens, for instance those originating in plants or as mycotoxins. 2. Pre-natal danger from carcinogens which can affect the embryo through the placenta and 3. potentially carcinogenous drugs, a knowledge of which seems specially important to the physician. Instructive examples of these three groups are given. According to the state of our knowledge to-day, one has to assume that the overwhelming majority of malignant tumours are caused by exogenous chemical carcinogens.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Langenbeck's archives of surgery 334 (1973), S. 974-975 
    ISSN: 1435-2451
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Als Beitrag zur ärztlichen Fortbildung wird in diesem Film nach kurzer Darstellung der epidemiologischen und ätiologischen Besonderheiten dieser Carcinome das klinische Erscheinungsbild erläutert. Besonderer Wert wird auf das diagnostische Verfahren gelegt, wobei deutlich wird, daß die Zeit zwischen Einsetzen der Beschwerden und Therapiebeginn (fatale Pause) durch eine verbesserte Frühdiagnostik wesentlich verkürzt werden kann. Die Möglichkeiten des therapeutischen Vorgehens, die Prognose mit den prognostisch bedeutsamen Faktoren, postoperative Nachsorge mit besonderer Berücksichtigung der Colostomieversorgung sind weitere Themen. Zahlreiche Patientendemonstrationen, Tabellen und Grafiken vervollständigen diesen Film.
    Notes: Summary This film,a contribution to post-graduate medical training gives an illustration of the clinical symptoms of carcinoma of the colon and rectum after a short survey of the epidemiological and etiological characteristics. Special emphasis is given to the diagnostic procedures, showing clearly that the period of time between the first symptoms and the start of therapy (fatal pause) can be considerably decreased by improving methods of early diagnosis. Further topics dealt with are the possible therapeutic procedures, prognosis and the factors important in the prognosis, and treatment post operationem, with special reference to care following colostomy. Many case histories, tables, and graphs supplement this film.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Langenbeck's archives of surgery 325 (1969), S. 1023-1027 
    ISSN: 1435-2451
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es wird ein summarischer Abriß über die Nebenwirkungen bei cytostatischer Therapie gegeben. Experimentelle Untersuchungen zeigen, daß manche Cytostatica, vor allem aus der Gruppe der Alkylantien, über starke careinogene Wirkungen verfügen, und zwar bereits in solchen Dosen, wie sie auch beim Menschen angewendet werden. Die Indikationsstellungen bei der Therapie mit solchen Stoffen sollten daher überprüft werden.
    Notes: Summary A synopsis of the side-effects of cytostatic therapy. Experimental investigations show that many cytostatic drugs, especially those from the group of alkylants, possess strong carcinogenic effects even in doses employed in man. Indications for treatment with such substances should therefore be revised.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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