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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Analytical chemistry 46 (1974), S. 789-791 
    ISSN: 1520-6882
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1573-2568
    Keywords: leukotrienes ; prostaglandins ; gastric ulcerations ; platelet-activating factor ; stress
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract This study was designed to determine the role of leukotriene C4 (LTC4) in the formation of acute gastric lesions induced by 100% ethanol, acidified taurocholate (TC), acidified aspirin (ASA), platelet-activating factor (PAF), and water-immersion and restraint stress. Exogenous LTC4 alone administered in gradually increasing doses (5–20μg/kg/hr) caused only mild hemorrhagic lesions in the gastric mucosa but when combined with 100% ethanol, acidified TC, acidified ASA, or stress, it increased significantly the mean lesion area and lesion number as compared to those produced by these ulcerogens alone. FPL 55712, a LTC4 antagonist, given orally (2.5–10 mg/kg) reduced dose-dependently the extent of gastric lesions in all experimental models used and completely prevented the deleterious effects of exogenous LTC4 on gastric mucosa. PAF augmented the mucosal lesions induced by 100% ethanol, and this was also reduced by the pretreatment with FPL 55712. FPL 55712-induced gastroprotection against various ulcerogens was reversed, in part, by indomethacin, indicating that it could be attributed not only to the LTC4 antagonism but also to increased biosynthesis of PGs. This study provides evidence that LTC4 is involved in the formation of acute gastric damage and the antagonism of LTC4 may protect the mucosa against various ulcerogens.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 104 (1971), S. 21-30 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Diastereomers of Nonactin Acid and Epimers of 2-Desmethylnonactin AcidNonactin acid 8a was prepared in only four reaction steps starting from the furan 3a. - In an attempt to prepare nonactin acid by intramolecular cyclisation of 13, the tetrahydropyran 15 was obtained in addition to the desired tetrahydrofuran 14. Treatment of 14 + 15 with sodium cyanide under the conditions of the Kolbe reaction led to the formation of the isomeric acids 16 + 17.
    Notes: Ausgehend von dem Furan 3a gelangt man in vier Reaktionsschritten zur Nonactinsäure 8a, einem 2.5-disubstituierten Tetrahydrofuran. - Beim Versuch der Darstellung von Nonactinsäure durch intramolekulare Cyclisierung von 13 entstand neben dem gewünschten Tetrahydrofuran 14 durch Ringerweiterung auch das Tetrahydropyran 15. Die Umwandlung von 14 + 15 mit Natriumcyanid nach Kolbe führte zu den stellungsisomeren Säuren 16 + 17.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 104 (1971), S. 3794-3803 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Orthoamides, XX. Reactions of Amide Acetals and Bis(dimethylamino)-methoxymethane (Aminal Ester) with Benzoic AzidesUpon thermal reaction of amide acetals (1) with benzoic azides (2) only products are obtained arising from secondary reactions of the phenyl isocyanates formed intermediately from the azides. In the photochemical reaction, acyl hydrazines 15 may be isolated formed via acyl nitrene intermediates.
    Notes: Bei der thermischen Umsetzung von Amidacetalen (1) mit Benzaziden (2) werden lediglich die Folgeprodukte der intermediär aus den Aziden gebildeten Phenylisocyanate erhalten. Hingegen gelingt es bei der photochemischen Reaktion die Folgeprodukte intermediär gebildeter Acylnitrene, die Acylhydrazine 15, zu isolieren.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 106 (1973), S. 2758-2766 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: A New Synthesis of 1,2,3-TriazolesA new method for the preparation of 1,2,3-triazoles (7) in good yield starting from vinyl-sulfonyl compounds 6 is reported. Compounds 6 are easily obtained by condensation of sulfonylmethyl derivatives 4 with aldehydes 5.
    Notes: Eine neue ergiebige Methode zur Herstellung von 1,2,3-Triazolen (7), ausgehend von den Vinylsulfonylverbindungen 6, wird beschrieben. Die Verbindungen 6 sind durch Kondensation der Sulfonylmethylverbindungen 4 mit den Aldehyden 5 leicht zugänglich.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Metal Complexes of Functional Isocyanides, XVI1). - 1,3-Dipolar Cycloadditions of heteroallenes to the Organometallic Nitrile Ylides [(OC)5M—C≡N—CHR]- (M = Cr, W; R = CO2Et)In the presence of bases (NEt3, KtBuO, LinBu), the isocyanoacetic ester ligand in M(CO)5CNCH2CO2Et (M = Cr, W, 2,3) reacts with the heteroallenes PhN=C=O and PhN=C=S regio- and site-selectively to give the carbenoid heterocyclic ligands {:CN(H)-C(CO2Et)C(X-)NPh }- (X = O, S; 6,7, 13, 14). The exocyclic olate and thiolate functions have been alkylated and acylated (8-10, 15), while the latter has also been oxidized to give the disulfide 16. [M{CN(H)C(CO2Et)C(S-)NPh }(CO)5]- (M = Cr, W), moreover, has been introduced into the platinum complexes PtCl2(PEt3)2 and [PtCl(PPh3)2]2(BF4)2 where it acts as a monodentate ligand coordinating with its exo-sulfur atom (17-19). The structural assignments are made on the basis of IR, NMR (1H, 13C, 31P) and mass spectroscopy data as well as of an X-ray structure analysis of NEt3H-[W {CN(H)C(CO2Et)C(O-NPh }(CO)5] (7). In the solid state strong hydrogen bonding occurs both between the and the exocyclic olate function of the anion, and between the NH and O=C(ester) groups of two complexes with formation of almost discrete dimers.
    Notes: Der Isocyanessigester-Ligand in M(CO)5CNCH2CO2Et (M = Cr, W, 2,3) reagiert in Gegenwart von Basen (NEt3, KtBuO, LinBu) mit den Heteroallenen PhN=C=O und PhN=C=S regio- und seitenselektiv zu den carbenoiden Heterocyclenliganden {:CN(H)-C(CO2Et)C(X-)NPh }- (X = O, S; 6,7, 13, 14). Die exocylischen Olat- und Thiolatfunktionen lassen sich alkylieren und acylieren (8-10, 15) bzw. zum Disulfid 16 oxidieren. Darüber hinaus wird [M{CN(H)C(CO2ET)C(S-)NPh }C(CO)5]- (M = Cr, W) als einzähniger, über das exo-Schwefelatom koordinierender Ligand in die Platinkomplexe PtCl2(PEt3)2 und [PtCl(PPh3)2]2(BF4)2 eingebaut (17-19). Die Strukturzuweisungen erfolgen auf der Basis von IR-, Kernresonanz (1H, 13C, 31P)- und massenspektroskopischen Daten, sowie der Röntgenstrukturanalyse von NEt3H-[W{CN(H)C(CO2Et)C(O-)NPh }(CO)5] (7). Im Festkörper liegen starke H-Brücken sowohl zwischen Kation und exocyclischer Olat-Funktion des Anions, als auch zwischen den NH- und O=C(Ester)-Gruppierungen je zweier Komplexanionen vor, so daß nahezu diskrete Dimere resultieren.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 122 (1989), S. 1907-1913 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Carbenes, alkylideneamino- ; Isocyanides, carbamoyl ; Aminolyses ; Thiolyses ; Chromium carbene complexes ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Reactions at the Coordinated Trichoromethyl Isocyanide, III.  -  Hererofunctionalized (Alkylideneamino)carbene and Carbamoyl IsocyanidesReaction of pentacarbonyl(trichloromethyl isocyanide)chromium (2) with the secondary amines pyrrolidine, 2,6-dimethylpiperidine, and diethylamine in a 1:2 ratio gives [amino(imino)carbene]-chromium complexes Cr(CO)5{C(NR2)N = CCl2} 〈 R2 = [CH2]4 (5), MeCH[CH2]3CHMe (7), Et2 (11)〉; with additional amine substitution of a chlorine atom of the isocyanide dichloride group occurs with formation of amino(chloroformamidino)carbene complexes Cr(CO)5{C(NR2)N = C(Cl)NR2} 〈 R2 = [CH2]4 (6), [CH2]2 (8), [CH2]5 (9)〉. The latter are easily hydrolyzed to give carbamoyl isocyanide complexes Cr(CO)5CNC(= O)NR2 〈 R2 = [CH2]5 (10), Et2 (12), [CH2]4 (13)〉. Nucleophilic exchange for the ethylenediamine function NR[CH2]2NR (R = Me, H) of both chlorine atoms in 5 affords the [amino(guanidino)carbene]chromium complexes 16a and 16b. The compounds [bis(ethylthio)-carbene]pentacarbonylchromium (14, side product) and Cr(CO)5{C(SEt)N = C(Cl)SEt} (15, main product) result from 2 and ethanethiol.
    Notes: Die Umsetzung von Pentacarbonyl(trichlormethylisocyanid)-chrom (2) mit den sekundären Aminen Pyrrolidin, 2,6-Dimethylpiperidin und Diethylamin im Verhältnis 1:2 führt zu den [Amino(imino)carben]chrom-Komplexen Cr(CO)5{C(NR2)N = CCl2} 〈 R2 = [CH2]4 (5), MeCH[CH2]3CHMe (7), Et2 (11)〉; mit weiterem Amin erfolgt Substitution eines Chloratoms der Isocyaniddichlorid-Gruppe und Bildung der Amino(chlorformamidino)carben-Komplexe Cr(CO)5{C(NR2)N = C(Cl)NR2} 〈 R2 = [CH2]4 (6), [CH2]2 (8), [CH2]5 (9)〉. Letztere hydrolysieren leicht zu Carbamoylisocyanid-Komplexen Cr(CO)5CNC(=O)NR2 〈 R2 = [CH2]5 (10), Et2 (12) und [CH2]4 (13)〉. [Amino(guanidino)carben]chrom-Komplexe (16a,b) entstehen durch nucleophilen Austausch beider Chloratome in 5 gegen die Ethylendiamin-Funktion NR[CH2]2NR (R = Me, H). Aus 2 und Ethanthiol resultieren die Verbindungen [Bis(ethylthio)carben]-pentacarbonylchrom (14, Nebenprodukt) und Cr(CO)5{C(SEt)N = C(Cl)SEt} (15, Hauptprodukt).
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 120 (1987), S. 461-469 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: The α-halogenoalkyl isocyanides CNCH2Cl, CNCHCl2, CNCCl3, 13CNCCl3, CNCFCl2, CNCHClCH2Cl, CNCCl2CH2Cl, CNCCl2CHCl2, CNCH2Br, CNCF2Br, CNCF3, CNnC3F7, and CNnC4F9 are synthesized at the “protective metal” according to [Cr(CN)(CO)5]- + ArN2+ + RX → Cr(CO)5CNR + ArX + N2. In general, it is the solvent RX (X=H, Hal) which provides the side chain of the isocyanide. In less reactive and less polar solvents, however, the formation of acyl-[Cr(CO)5CNC(=O)R] and/or aroyl isocyanide complexes [Cr(CO)5CNC(=O)Ar] becomes prevalent. In the presence of dioxygen, (OC)5CrCNC-(=O)NCCr(CO)5 is the main product of the reaction in chloroform.
    Notes: Die α-Halogenalkylisocyanide CNCH2Cl, CNCHCl2, CNCCl3, 13CNCCl3, CNCFCl2, CNCHClCH2Cl, CNCCl2CH2Cl, CNCCl2CHCl2, CNCH2Br, CNCF2Br, CNCF3, CNnC3F7 und CNnC4F9 werden nach [Cr(CN)(CO)5]- + ArN2+ + RX → Cr(CO)5CNR + ArX + N2 am “schützenden Metall” synthetisiert. Im allgemeinen liefert dabei das Solvens RX (X=H, Hal) die Isocyanid-Seitenkette. In weniger reaktiven und weniger polaren Lösungsmitteln tritt jedoch die Bildung von Acyl-[Cr(CO)5-CNC(=O)R] und/oder Aroylisocyanid-Komplexen [Cr(CO)5-CNC(=O)Ar] in den Vordergrund. In Gegenwart von Disauerstoff ist (OC)5CrCNC(=O)NCCr(CO)5 Hauptprodukt der Umsetzung in Chloroform.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 120 (1987), S. 29-37 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Aryldiazonium pentacarbonyl(cyano)chromates decompose already below room temperature with evolution of N2 and formation of Cr(CO)5CNR, R being derived from the solvent (RH). Variation of the solvent (tetrahydrofuran, tetrahydropyran, 1,4-dioxane, trioxane, 1,3-dioxolane, tetrahydrothiophene, and diethyl ether) thus gives access to O(S)-heterocyclic isocyanide complexes (traces only), (traces only), and Cr(CO)5CN-CHMe-OEt, respectively, for the first time. Chemical, electro-chemical, and spectroscopic (EPR) findings are in support of an initial SET process between the diazonium cation and the cyanometalle anion leading to an aryl radical (which immediately reacts with the solvent by H abstraction) and the 17e- species CrI(CN)(CO)5 (which recombines with the remaining solvent radical to give the isocyanide complex). Epoxides (, contrary to the reaction scheme, experience ring opening, which results in the 2-hydroxyalkyl isocyanide complexes and , , respectively. The transferability of this novel synthesis of isocyanides to other (organometallic) cyano complexes is demonstrated by the „radical alkylation“ in tetrahydrofuran of [M(CN)(CO)5]- (M=Mo,W), [Mn(CN)(η-C5H5)(CO)2-, and [Fe(CN)2(η-C5H5)(CO)]- to give the corresponding coordination compounds of tetrahydro-2-isocyanofuran.
    Notes: Aryldiazonium-pentacarbonyl(cyano)chromate zersetzen sich bereits unterhalb Raumtemperatur unter N2-Entwicklung und Bildung von Cr(CO)5CNR, wobei R aus dem Lösungsmittel (RH) stammt. Durch Variation der Lösungsmittel (Tetrahydrofuran, Tetrahydropyran, 1,4-Dioxan, Trioxan, 1,3-Dioxolan, Tetrahydrothiophen und Diethylether) werden so erstmals O(S)-heterocyclische Isocyanidkomplexe , , , in Spuren), (in Spuren), bzw. Cr(CO)5CN-CH-Me-OEt zugänglich. Chemische, elektrochemische und spektroskopische (EPR) Argumente stützen einen Mechanismus, bei dem über einen initiierenden SET-Prozeß zwischen Diazonium-Kation und Cyanometallat-Anion Arylradikale (di mit dem Solvens unter H-Abstraktion weiterreagieren) und die 17e -Spezies CrI(CN)(CO)5 (die mit dem verbleibenden Lösungsmittelradikal zum Isocyanidkomplex rekombiniert) entstehen. Epoxide , trans) erleiden abweichend vom Reaktionsschema Ringöffnung; es resultieren die 2-Hydroxyalkylisocyanid-Komplexe und (als Isomerengemisch) bzw.. Die „radikalische Alkylierung“ von , , und in Tetrahydrofuran zu den entsprechenden Koordinationsverbindungen des Tetrahydro-2-isocyanfurans demonstriert die Übertragbarkeit dieser neuen Isocyanid-Synthese auf andere (metallorganische) Cyanokomplexe.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
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  • 10
    ISSN: 0947-6539
    Keywords: enzyme inhibitors ; niobium complexes ; peptide aldehydes ; pinacol coupling ; vanadium complexes ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Peptide aldehydes 15 a-c are prepared without epimerization from enantiomerically pure (S)-α-amino acids (Scheme 3). Reductive pinacol homocoupling of 15 a-c, induced by vanadium complex 11 or niobium complex 16 in refluxing THF, yields C2-symmetrical (S,R,R,S)-configurated 6a, 6b and 2, respectively, with moderate to high stereoselectivity (Scheme 4). In a novel protocol for the preparation and utilization of THF solutions of 11, the isolation of air-sensitive intermediates can be avoided and the potent HIV protease inhibitor 2 prepared in enantio- and diastereomerically pure form on a kilogram scale without chromatographic purification. The (S,R,R,S) selectivity of the pinacol homocouplings is confirmed by means of an independent, stereochemically unequivocal synthesis of 6 a and 2 from D-mannitol 4 (Scheme 1).
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
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