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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Accreditation and quality assurance 1 (1996), S. 40-41 
    ISSN: 1432-0517
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-184X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Adhesion of the hydrophilicLeptospira biflexa serovarpatoc 1 (L. patoc) was consistently greater on inert hydrophobic surfaces than on hydrophilic surfaces (glass and plastic). When inert substrata were coated with fetal calf serum (FCS) or bovine serum albumin fraction V (BSA), however, surface hydrophobicity was reduced compared to untreated surfaces, but adhesion ofL. patoc increased. The mechanism of adhesion at protein-coated surfaces is likely to be different than that at untreated surfaces, but it is suggested that the adhesion is nonspecific, as the level of adhesion is similar for different protein coatings. Increased adhesion to FCS- and BSA-coated surfaces was apparently not associated with substrate utilization (scavenging of fatty acids) from the coatings, as essentially fatty acid-free BSA-coated surfaces had similar levels of adhesion. The presence of FCS in the diluent lowered the adhesion ofL. patoc regardless of the original nature of the substratum. This may result from the mutual repulsion of the bacterium and the substratum caused by the exclusion volumes of similar macromolecules adsorbed to both surfaces from the FCS solution.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Microbial ecology 3 (1977), S. 167-171 
    ISSN: 1432-184X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 133 (1982), S. 257-260 
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Bacterial scavenging ; Surface localized nutrients ; Leptospira ; Serratia ; Hydrophobic interactions
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A model oligotrophic aquatic system involving localization of fatty acids on a solid surface was used to quantitate scavenging by three bacteria; Leptospira biflexa patoc 1 which adheres reversibly, pigmented Serratia marcescens EF190 which adheres irreversibly, and a non-pigmented hydrophilic mutant of EF190. The Leptospira and pigmented Serratia displayed two distinct scavenging strategies which are related to their different methods of adhesion. The Leptospira efficiently scavenged [1-14C] stearic acid from the surface in 24 h, whereas the pigmented hydrophobic Serratia initially showed a faster rate of removal but the overall rate was considerably slower than that of the Leptospira. The hydrophilic, non-pigmented Serratia required 50h incubation to remove significant amounts of the labelled fatty acid. The greater scavenging ability of the hydrophobic pigmented Serratia strain compared to the hydrophilic non-pigmented mutant could not be attributed to differences in viability of fatty acid metabolism. The hydrophobicity of the pigmented Serratia allows for firmer adhesion and greater interaction with the surface localized nutrients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 120 (1979), S. 231-238 
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Flexibacter sp. ; Stefan adhesion ; Temporary adhesion ; Gliding motility ; Extracellular slime
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The ability of Flexibacter BH3 to adhere to solid surfaces and to overcome the horizontal drag involved in gliding across the surfaces was considered in terms of the Stefan adhesion principle. The extracellular slime produced by Flexibacter BH3 was suitable as a Stefan adhesive because it exhibited viscous properties characteristic of a linear colloid, increasing the adhesiveness of the bacterium but allowing translational motion across the surface. The water-soluble slime was a glycoprotein, containing glucose, fucose, galactose and some uronic acid. Vesicles and tubules on the outer surface of Flexibacter BH3 possessed trilaminar membranes, contained 2-keto-3-deoxyoctonate (KDO), and showed identity with phenol-extracted lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in gel-diffusion tests. Sections of Flexibacter BH3 gliding on a gold film overlaying an agar medium reveraled a highly convuluted cell envelope outer membrane, portions of which closely conformed to the microcontours of the gold surface. Possible mechanisms of gliding are discussed in relation to this close association with solid surface features, to the finding that flexibility and spiral motion are not essential for gliding, and to evidence revealing the extrusion of slime in advance of “pathfinder” bacteria.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 57 (1967), S. 232-238 
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Gegen den Pilz Trametes versicolor (Isolierung D4) wurde ein Antiserum entwickelt. Die Untersuchungen wurden mit der Agar-gel-Doppelt-diffusionsmethode ausgeführt und zeigten zum mindesten acht antigenische Komponenten in den Pilzen. Einige Antigene, die identisch zu denen in D4 sind, wurden in den anderen verwandten Pilzen entdeckt. Es wurden die beiden Arten des antiserums geprüft: das absorbierende und das nichtabsorbierende. Im ganzen scheinen sich die serologischen Daten mit der konventionellen Klassifizierung zu decken und so wird vorgeschlagen, daß man die serologische Methode gut zur Identifizierung verschiedener Trametes-Gattungen anwenden könnte.
    Notes: Summary An antiserum against Trametes versicolor isolate D4 has been developed. The use of agar-gel double-diffusion tests has revealed at least eight antigenic components in the fungus. Some antigens identical to those of D4 have been detected in other related fungi using both unabsorbed and absorbed antiserum. The overall serological data seem to agree with the conventional classification of these fungi and it is suggested that serological methods may be useful in identifying various Trametes species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 91 (1973), S. 29-40 
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Individual cells of Flexibacter aurantiacus CW7 and Hyphomicrobium vulgare ZV580 orientate themselves perpendicularly to the interface in air-water, oil-water and solid-water systems. Electrostatic phenomena probably are not involved in this orientation, since no evidence was found of any localized distribution of positively-charged ionogenic groups on the bacterial surface. It is suggested that the orientation results from a relatively hydrophobic portion of each cell being rejected from the aqueous phase of the system. This property also may be related to the formation of rosettes by these bacteria. Electron micrographs of thin sections of cells sorbed to araldite blocks show that the cell proper is not in contact with the solid surface, but is anchored to it by extracellular adhesive material. The extracellular materials may be of a polysaccharide nature.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 56 (1967), S. 344-353 
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die gestielte Bakteriengattung der Hyphomikroben wird für die Manganschlammablagerungen in Süßwasserdruckrohrleitungen verantwortlich gemacht. Die Bindung der Zellen an die Rohroberfläche soll durch elektrostatische Anziehungskraft und Bildung von Haftmaterial bewirkt werden. Die elektrophoretischen Versuche zeigen, daß die Hyphomicrobium-Zellen negativ geladen und die Ionen-Gruppen der Oberfläche Carboxyle sind. Es wird postuliert, daß die eigentümliche Morphologie und Vermehrungsweise der Hyphomikroben verantwortlich sind für ihre Fähigkeit, Manganoxyde zu bilden und mit ihnen gemeinsam zu existieren.
    Notes: Summary Stalked, budding bacteria of the genus Hyphomicrobium are shown to be responsible for manganese deposition in freshwater pipelines. The attachment of the cells to the pipe surface is considered from the point of view of electrostatic attraction and the production of holdfast material. Electrophoretic studies indicate that Hyphomicrobium cells are negatively charged and that their surface ionogenic groups are carboxylic. It is postulated that the curious morphology and mode of reproduction of hyphomicrobia accounts for their efficiency in producing, or coexisting with, the manganese oxides they produce.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Flexibacter sp. ; Gliding motility ; Dialysis microchamber ; Inhibitors ; Membrane potentials
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Use of a dialysis microchamber has allowed continuous observations on the same set of gliding bacteria during changes in the composition of the perfused medium. This procedure has revealed the presence of an adaptive, cyanide-insensitive metabolic pathway, which allows cyanide-treated Flexibacter BH3 to begin gliding again at a reduced rate when glucose is the substrate. In addition, it has revealed that individual flexibacter cells can maintain their gliding motility for up to 20 h in the absence of exogenous substrate. Gliding in Flexibacter BH3 was prevented by those inhibitors blocking the electron transport process. Inhibitors of glucose metabolism did not prevent motility, since the flexibacters obviously metabolize endogenous substrate under such circumstances. Proton ionophores, which induce membrane depolarization, rapidly inhibited gliding in Flexibacter BH3. This inhibition was irreversible in the case of gramicidin S. Gliding was not inhibited by cytochalasin B or antiactin antibody. High concentrations of Ca2+ were particularly inhibitory to the gliding process. The significance of these results is discussed in relation to a possible mechanism of gliding involving the generation of rhythmical contractions in the outer cell membrane of Flexibacter BH3.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 15 (1972), S. 472-483 
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Ventrolateral thalamic nucleus ; Synaptic inputs ; Entopeduncular nucleus ; Cholinergic mechanisms ; Atropine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The responses of individual neurones of nucleus ventrolateralis thalami (VL) have been recorded extracellularly following stimulation of the brachium conjunctivum (BC), nucleus entopeduncularis (EN) and precruciate cortex. In anaesthetized cats stimulation of these structures produced either short latency single spike responses or brief bursts of action potentials with somewhat longer latency: the latter responses could be converted to single spikes by the electrophoretic application of acetylcholine or an excitatory amino acid to the neurone. Atropine attenuated the effect of BC stimulation but did not alter excitations from the cortex or EN. Acetylcholine was found to depress the excitation of VL neurones from EN. Collateral fibres of the EN neurones were shown to innervate neurones in the lateral parts of the centrum medianum — parafascicular complex and in VL. It was concluded that VL neurones receive monosynaptic inputs from cortex, EN and the cerebellar nuclei, but that only-the last may have a significant cholinergic component.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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