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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    FEBS Letters 349 (1994), S. 270-274 
    ISSN: 0014-5793
    Keywords: Catabolite inactivation ; Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase ; Proteasome ; Proteolysis ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    FEBS Letters 349 (1994), S. 275-280 
    ISSN: 0014-5793
    Keywords: Autophagocytosis ; Screening procedure ; Vacuole ; Yeast
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Nuclear Physics, Section A 344 (1980), S. 446-474 
    ISSN: 0375-9474
    Keywords: Nuclear reactions
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Nuclear Physics, Section A 232 (1974), S. 472-492 
    ISSN: 0375-9474
    Keywords: Nuclear Reactions
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)/General Subjects 923 (1987), S. 263-267 
    ISSN: 0304-4165
    Keywords: Amidination ; Protein modification ; S-Methylthioacetimidate ; low pH
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Electrical engineering 77 (1993), S. 51-55 
    ISSN: 1432-0487
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Description / Table of Contents: Übersicht Hochleistungs-Gyrotronoszillatoren werden derzeit vorwiegend als Generatoren für die Elektronen-Zyklotron-Resonanz-Heizung (ECRH) und Diagnostik von magnetisch eingeschlossenen Plasmen zur Erforschung der Energiegewinnung durch kontrollierte Kernfusion eingesetzt. 140 GHz Gyrotrons mit einer Ausgangsleistung vonP out =0.58 MW in der Gaußschen Freiraumgrundmode TEM00 bei Pulslängen bis zu τ=2.0 s und Wirkungsgraden η=34% sind kommerziell erhältlich. Als Arbeitsmoden im Röhrenresonator dienen dabei hohe, rotierende TE-Moden (z. B. TE22,6 bei 140 GHz). Zur Plasmadiagnostik werden höhere Frequenzen benötigt. Daher arbeiten die dazu vorgesehenen Gyroronoszillatoren entweder bei der 2. Harmonischen der Elektronen-Zyklotronfrequenz oder bei der Grundfrequenz mit speziellen gepulsten Hochfeld-Magneten. Bisher wurde bei Frequenzen bis zu 650 GHz eine HF-Ausgangsleistung vonP out =40 kW mit τ=40 μs und η=4% erreicht. Die Ausgangsfrequenz von Gyrotronoszillatoren ist dabei nur langsam und stufenweise durch Veränderung des Magnetfeldes durchstimmbar (Übergang zu anderen Arbeitswellentypen im Resonator). Schnelle und kontinuierliche Frequenzdurchstimmbarkeit (über die Beschleunigungsspannung) ist beim Frei-Elektronen-Maser (FEM) gegeben. Rekordausgangsparameter sind hier:P out =2 GW, τ=20 ns, η=13% bei 140 GHz (LLNL) undP out =15 kW, τ=20 μs, η=5% im Bereich von 120 bis 900 GHz (UCSB).
    Notes: Contents At present, high power gyrotron oscillators are mainly used as generators for electron cyclotron resonance heating (ECRH) and diagnostics of magnetically confined plasmas for generation of energy by controlled thermonuclear fusion. 140 GHz gyrotrons with output powerP out =0.58 MW in the Gaussian free space TEM00 mode with pulse length up to τ=2.0 s and efficiency η=34% are commercially available. High order rotating TE-modes (e.g. TE22,6 at 140 GHz) are used as working modes in the cavities of these tubes. For plasma diagnostics higher frequencies are required. Therefore, gyrotron oscillators are designed for operation either at the second harmonic of the electron cyclotron frequency or at the fundamental cyclotron frequency with special pulsed high-field solenoids.P out =40 kW with τ=40 μs at η=4% at frequencies up to 650 GHz have been achieved. In the case of gyrotron oscillators only slow frequency step tuning is possible by variation of the magnetic field (change of operating cavity mode). Fast and continuous frequency tuning by variation of the beam acceleration voltage is feasible for free electron masers (FEM). Record output parameters are:P out =2GW, τ=20 ns, η=13% at 140 GHz (LLNL) andP out =15 kW, τ=20 μs, η=5% in the range from 120 to 900 GHz (UCSB).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The European physical journal 278 (1976), S. 77-81 
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Differential cross sections for the elastic scattering of neutrons from12C at eighteen primary energies between 8.5 and 20 MeV have been analysed in terms of a standard nuclear optical model. With the exception of small diffusenesses, the parameters found to give a good description of the general features of the experimental data are similar to those found to describe the nucleon scattering from heavier nuclei.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of infrared and millimeter waves 6 (1985), S. 459-470 
    ISSN: 1572-9559
    Keywords: high-power millimeter waves ; gyrotron ; electron cyclotron resonance heating (ECRH) ; overmoded waveguide systems ; mode conversion ; linearly polarized narrow pencil beam
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract This work reports calculations and measurements on mode converters for the transformation of TEOn gyrotron mode mixtures (primarily TEO2) into the linearly polarized HE11 hybrid mode at 70 GHz. This mode is ideal for quasi-optical launching systems for ECRH of plasmas. Mode transducers with axisymmetric radius perturbations convert the gyrotron TEOn mode composition into the TEO1 mode. Proper matching of the phase differences between the various modes and of the perturbation amplitudes of the several converter sections is required. The TEO1 wave is used for long-distance transmission through smooth-walled overmoded waveguides. A mode converter with constant diameter and periodically perturbed curvature transfers the unpolarized TEO1 mode into the polarized TE11 wave. The experimentally determined ΣTEOn-to-TEO1 conversion efficiency is (98.5±1)% (99% predicted) while the TEO1-to-TE11 transformer has a (94±2)% efficiency (93% theoretically); ohmic losses are included. The “Gaussian-like” HE11 mode with axisymmetric power distribution and almost no cross polarization is produced in a circumferentially corrugated TE11-to-HE11 mode transducer with a measured conversion efficiency of (98.3±1.5)% (98.5% predicted). The overall efficiency of the complete mode converter system in the desired mode was determined to be (91±2.5)%. High-power operation (200kW, 100ms) has been successfully demonstrated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of infrared and millimeter waves 6 (1985), S. 577-597 
    ISSN: 1572-9559
    Keywords: high-power millimeter waves ; gyrotron ; electron cyclotron resonance heating ; overmoded waveguide systems ; mode conversion ; linearly polarized narrow pencil beam
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract A theoretical and experimental study of TE11-to-HE11 mode conversion in highly oversized waveguides is given. The balanced HE11 hybrid mode propagating in a circumferentially corrugated circular waveguide is in many respects ideal for effective electron cyclotron resonance heating of fusion plasmas with high-power gyrotrons. At an aperture antenna it exhibits desirable radiation characteristics such as linear polarization with very low cross polarization and axisymmetric power distribution with low sidelobe levels. This “Gaussian-like” mode can be generated from a TE11 mode by means of a corrugated mode converter in which the depth of the annular slots is tapered gradually from one-half to one-quarter wavelength. Computer-aided optimization of converter length, shape of corrugations, and of non-linear slot depth variation for 28 GHz- and 70 GHz-transducers was achieved with a scattering matrix formalism employing the modal field expansion technique (Modular Analysis Concept). In both cases the measured conversion efficiency of (98.5±0.5)% and the experimental values of the maximum cross polarization (below −28 dB) are in very good agreement with the predicted values. High-power operation was successfully demonstrated using pulsed 28 GHz- and 70 GHz-VARIAN gyrotrons (200 kW).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of infrared and millimeter waves 13 (1992), S. 825-840 
    ISSN: 1572-9559
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Mode conversion at discontinuities of an ordinary gyrotron cavity is examined. It is shown how the production of unwanted spurious modes can be reduced substantially by introducing smooth transition regions between the individual parts of the cavity. The cavity of the 140 GHz KfK gyrotron operating in the TE10,4 mode is used as an example. Cavity and adjacent tapered output waveguide are optimized as a single unit.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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