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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 76 (1988), S. 87-93 
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Alzheimer's disease ; Neuritic plaques ; Fascia dentata ; Hippocampal formation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Neuritic plaques are prominent in the fascia dentata of the hippocampus and are often linearly oriented in stratum moleculare. Since the afferents to this region are also organized in a laminar pattern, the present study focused on the relative number and laminar distribution of plaques in this region to shed light on the genesis of the neuritic plaques. Examination of 19 brains from patients with Alzheimer's disease showed approximately the same number of plaques in the stratum moleculare of the fascia dentata and in CA1 (Sommer's sector) of the hippocampus, even though the area of the latter is much greater. Laminar analysis of plaque location showed that the plaques were centered on a band between 26% and 40% of the way between the border of stratum granulosum and the outer edge of stratum moleculare. The mean location was 35% of the way through the layer at the intersection of the inner and middle thirds. Plaques appear in approximately the same location, but in lesser numbers, in non-demented patients. The significance of this localization is discussed in terms of the normal anatomy of the fascia dentata and its possible reorganization in Alzheimer's disease. The predictability of plaque formation in this region could be useful in defining the pathogenesis of the neuritic plaque.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) ; Leukoencephalopathy ; Cytomegalovirus ; Papovavirus ; HTLV-III/LAV
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Two adult patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) presented with psychoorganic symptoms produced by an extensive cerebral and cerebellar leukoencephalopathy. Diffuse loss of myelin and axons with reactive astrocytosis and distinctive multinucleated giant cells were prominent in the deep white matter, but less so in the subcortical white matter and in compact myelinated pathways. Bilateral involvement of the centrum semiovale produced distal Wallerian degeneration of the descending pyramidal tracts, which in one patient correlated with progressive paraparesis and bladder dysfunction. Although there were morphological indications of cytomegalovirus infection and immunohistochemical evidence of papovavirus antigens, the neuropathology did not resemble that usually associated with infection by these opportunistic agents. The possibility is entertained that the progressive diffuse leukoencephalopathy (PDL) in these patients was directly related to infection with human T-cell lymphotropic virus (HTLV-III/LAV), the etiologic agent of AIDS.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 70 (1986), S. 269-272 
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Chordoma ; Chondrosarcoma ; Notochord ; Tissue polypeptide antigen (TPA) ; Cytokeratin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Tissue polypeptide antigen (TPA) has been increasingly used as an immunological marker for tumors derived from the lining epithelia of body cavities, including those of the gastrointestinal tract and genitourinary and bronchopulmonary systems. Here, we present evidence that this antigen is consistently and strongly expressed by a nonepithelial lesion — the chordoma. Irrespective of their sites, all seven chordomas, including one chondroid lesion, were heavily stained. In contrast, five chondro-sarcomas were unstained or showed only focal slight positivity. TPA staining was also found to be strongly expressed by notochordal rests within the intervertebral disks of one newborn and five fetuses (15th to 32nd week of gestation), adding further evidence that these rests are the histogenetic origin of the chordoma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 73 (1987), S. 115-123 
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Medulloblastoma ; Neuronal differentiation ; Astrocytic differentiation ; Immunohistochemistry ; Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The histological and immunohistological features of medulloblastomas were investigated in patients participating in an ongoing cooperative study of the Societé International d'Oncologie Pédiatrique (SIOP). Of 51 neoplasms, four were the classic desmoplastic variant. In regard to the histological features used to grade neoplasms, considerable inter- and intratumoral variation was observed. The neoplasms with the most pleomorphic and coarsely structured nuclei tended to be neuroblastic, whereas the most delicate and uniform nuclei were found in the desmoplastic neoplasms. Twenty-one of the cases exhibited neuroblastic differentiation in the form of neuroblastic rosettes. Of these, three also contained neoplastic ganglion cells. Of the five medulloblastomas that were calcified, four contained neuroblastic rosettes in accord with the tendency for calcification in neuroblastic neoplasms. In many of the neuroblastic neoplasms, islands of markedly neuronspecific enolase (NSE)-positive cells were seen. Although the limited specificity of this marker enzyme is recognized, we believe that this focal intense staining could indicate neuronal differentiation somewhat more advanced than in small NSE-positive islands of reduced cellularity, many of which were strongly positive. The nuclei in these island were usually larger and more vesicular than those in the surrounding densely cellular areas. These features and the frequent association with Homer-Wright rosettes suggest that these foci represent a form of neuronal differentiation. Astrocytic differentiation was more difficult to define and required the use of staining for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). Six neoplasms contained GFAP-positive cells that were clearly neoplastic. Many others contained scattered reactive astrocytes and dispersed cells whose neoplastic versus reactive nature could not be defined. Foci with an oligodendroglial appearance were seen in nine cases, but the association with neuroblastic features elsewhere in most of these raises the issue as to the oligodendroglial nature of these foci. Neoplasms with ependymal differentiation were not seen. The results confirm that the medulloblastoma is heterogeneous in regard to tissue pattern and features of histological ‘malignancy’. In regard to differentiation, that along neuronal lines is predominant, readily recognized in standard histological sections, frequently obvious throughout the lesion, and occasionally associated with maturation to mature ganglion cells. Astrocytic differentiation, on the other hand, requires immunohistochemistry, is often difficult to distinguish from reactive gliosis, and, in the limited number of cases seen, did not demonstrate a spectrum of maturation to well-differentiated astrocytes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Proliferating cells ; Ki-67 ; brain tumour ; stereotactic biopsy ; tumour grading
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The monoclonal antibody Ki-67 has been tested as a marker of proliferating cells in 52 stereotactic brain tumour biopsies. The antibody reacts with a nuclear protein expressed in G1,S, G2n and Mphases of the cell cycle. Using the immunoperoxidase technique on squash preparations the percentage of Ki-67 positive cells was determined as a fraction of the total number of tumour cells present. This Ki-67 index was in close correlation with the histological grade. Highest values were found in a pineal germinoma (46.3%) and in 3 primary cerebral non-Hodgkin lymphomas (mean 39.5%). Among the gliomas, the highest fraction of proliferating cells was seen in 2 anaplastic paediatric brain stem gliomas (mean 17.4%) and in an anaplastic ependymoma (12.5%). Anaplastic astrocytomas and glioblastomas varied considerably with mean values of 9.5% and 8%, respectively. To some extent this variability may reflect tumour heterogeneity which is more likely to manifest in small stereotactic samples than in large tissue specimens obtained during open surgery. Pilocytic astrocytomas, mixed gliomas and fibrillary astrocytomas had moderate to low percentages. Ki-67 staining of squash preparations can easily be performed on a rountine basis and is, in our experience, superior to frozen sections. This method allows the determination of the growth fraction of an individual tumour and could become an important additional criterion for the decision among alternative and potentially harmful therapeutic regimens.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Poetics 14 (1985), S. 199-207 
    ISSN: 0304-422X
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , Art History
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Poetics 12 (1983), S. 419-433 
    ISSN: 0304-422X
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , Art History
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 0022-328X
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Journal of Organometallic Chemistry 407 (1991), S. 207-213 
    ISSN: 0022-328X
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 0022-328X
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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