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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Inorganic chemistry 21 (1982), S. 3722-3724 
    ISSN: 1520-510X
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Key words Carboplatin ; Irinotecan ; Limited sampling model ; Pharmacokinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objectives: The aim of this study was to develop limited sampling models for estimating the area under the concentration-versus-time curve (AUC) of carboplatin. Methods: Based on pharmacokinetic analyses of 14 patients who received 300 mg · m2 of carboplatin over a 90-min infusion following irinotecan, we developed limited sampling models with stepwise multiple linear regression analysis. We validated these models to be unbiased and precise using pharmacokinetic data of a second group of 14 patients. We also compared the observed and the predicted AUC in the patients using Calvert's formula with the patients' renal function. Results: We developed the following models: AUC (mg · ml−1 · min) = 0.784 × C4 + 1.30 (r 2 = 0.930) and AUC = 0.100 × C0.25 + 0.597 × C4 + 0.140 (r 2 = 0.992), where C0.25 and C4 denote unbound plasma concentrations (μg · ml−1) of carboplatin at 0.25 h and 4 h after the end of infusion, respectively. These models were validated to be unbiased and precise: a mean prediction error (MPE) with standard deviation (SD) = 2.41 (9.45)% and a root mean squared error (RMSE) = 9.42% for the one-sample model, and MPE with (SD) = 1.22 (5.56)% and RMSE = 5.49% for the two-sample model. We also calculated predicted AUC in the patients using Calvert's formula: MPE with (SD) =−5.87 (21.5)% and RMSE = 21.5%. Conclusions: These estimations were, as expected, more accurate than the prediction using Calvert's formula based on patients' renal function. The result of this study confirmed the idea that the pharmacokinetic parameters derived from limited sampling models would be more suitable for pharmacokinetic analysis of carboplatin than those obtained using Calvert's formula.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 112 (1972), S. 113-123 
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Urinary Enzymes in Newborns ; In Childhood Nephritis ; Nephrosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Wir haben im Urin von insgesamt 350 gesunden und kranken Kindern die Aktivität von 7 Enzymen und deren Isoenzymeigenschaften untersucht. Bei Neugeborenen ist die höchste Aktivität der alkalischen Phosphatase, der Glutamin-Oxalacetat-Transaminase und des Lysozyms am 1. und 2. Tag nach der Geburt nachzuweisen. Bei mehr als der Hälfte der Kinder mit akuter Glomerulonephritis sind die Aktivitäten der alkalischen Phosphatase, der Glutamin-Oxalacetat-Transaminase und der Lactat-Dehydrogenase pathologisch erhöht und gehen im Heilungsstadium allmählich auf normale Werte zurück. Auch bei orthostatischer Proteinurie sind die Aktivitäten für diese Fermente sowie für β-Glucuronidase erhöht. Demgegenüber sind bei Kindern mit nephrotischem Syndrom die Fermentaktivitäten meistens tiefer. Pathologisch erhöhte Enzymaktivitäten bestehen ferner bei Kindern mit Leukämie, Neuroblastom, Pneumonie, Hyperthyreoidismus, Hyperbilirubinämie, Asthma bronchiale und Diabetes mellitis. Zwischen den Aktivitäten eines bestimmten Ferment im Urin und im Serum besteht keine Korrelation.
    Notes: Abstract The determination of serum enzyme levels has been increasingly used in diagnosis of children's diseases. However, urinary enzymes have been little studied and many problems remain to be elucidated. As a possible guide to differential diagnosis and prognosis of children's diseases, the urinary enzyme levels were determined in 350 children with and without diseases. The urinary levels of lysozyme (MG=14,000), amylase (MG=45,000), alkaline phosphatase (AP, MG=100,000), glutamate transaminase (GOT, MG=100,000–120,000), lactic dehydrogenase (LDH, MG=140,000), leucine aminopeptidase (LAP, MG=300,000) and β-glucuronidase (MG=300,000) were measured simultaneously in each child. In the neonatal period the highest activities of alkaline phosphatase, glutamate transaminase and lysozyme were observed on the first and second day after birth. The urinary levels of alkaline phosphatase, glutamate transaminase and lactic dehydrogenase were elevated in more than half of the cases in the acute phase of glomerulonephritis, and gradually decreased down to normal levels during recovery. High levels of alkaline phosphatase, glutamate transaminase, lactic dehydrogenase and β-glucoronidase were found in some cases of orthostatic proteinuria. In nephrosis, however, the enzyme activities were mainly low. Abnormally high enzyme levels were observed in leukemia, neuroblastoma, pneumonia, hyperthyreoidism, hyperbilirubinemia, bronchial asthma, and diabetes mellitus. No correlation was found between the enzyme activities in the urine and serum.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 112 (1972), S. 124-132 
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Urinary Enzymes and Isozymes ; Experimental Rat Nephropathy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es wurden Urin-, Serum-und Nierenenzyme von Wistarratten nach experimenteller Nierenschädigung untersucht und die Aktivitäten von 6 Urinenzymen (Lysozym, alkalische Phosphatase, Glutamin-Oxalacetat-Transaminase, Lactat-Dehydrogenase, Leucin-Aminopeptidase und β-Glucuronidase) bestimmt und gleichzeitig auch Isoenzyme (alkalische Phosphatase, Glutamin-Oxalacetat-Transaminase und β-Glucuronidase) untersucht. Wir finden im Aktivitätsverlauf der Urinenzyme und der Isoenzyme deutliche Unterschiede zwischen den Ratten, denen Nephrotoxin und denen Aminonucleosid injiziert wurde. Bei den Isoenzymen der verschiedenen Urinenzyme war bei beiden Gruppen ein deutlicher Unterschied zu beobachten. Das Muster der Isoenzyme ist bei Urin-und Nierenfermenten ähnlich, weicht aber von dem der Serumfermente ab.
    Notes: Abstract The origin of urinary enzymes is obscure. We therefore determined the levels of urinary, serum and kidney enzymes (lysozyme, amylase, alkaline phosphatase, glutamate transaminase, lactic dehydrogenase, leucine aminopeptidase and β-glucuronidase) and isozymes (alkaline phosphatase, glutamate transaminase, leucine aminopeptidase and β-glucuronidase) in Wistar rats with nephrotoxin nephritis or aminonucleoside nephrosis. The urinary enzyme activities varied in several ways in rats with nephrotoxin nephritis and with aminonucleoside nephrosis. A significant difference in the isozymes was found in the two groups. The isozyme-pattern of urinary enzymes resembles that of kidney enzymes, but not that of serum enzymes. These findings indicate that the urinary enzymes are mainly formed by destruction and renewal of renal tissue.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Growth hormone deficiency ; Growth hormone therapy ; Malignant thymoma
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Malignant thymoma was found in an 8-year-old Japanese boy with growth hormone (GH) deficiency who had received GH therapy for 3 years and 5 months. There may be a possible relationship between the occurrence of malignant thymoma and GH therapy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Child ; EDTA infusion ; Latent hypoparathyroidism ; Partial DiGeorge syndrome
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract DiGeorge syndrome is a rare congenital anomaly with a wide range of clinical manifestations. This syndrome is usually associated with hypocalcaemia resulting from primary hypoparathyroidism. We report here a case of an 8-year-old boy with partial DiGeorge syndrome who presented initially with neonatal hypocalcaemia, but was subsequently normocalcaemic. Latent hypoparathyroidism was unmasked by a diagnostic EDTA infusion resulting in hypocalcaemia without a parathyroid hormone response. We propose that EDTA infusions can be useful in the diagnosis of latent hypoparathyroidism in children.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 153 (1994), S. 779-779 
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1013-9826
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: MgAl2O4 layer with several decade nano-meter in thickness was coated uniformly onAl18B4O33 whisker by vapor-deposition of pure magnesium in vacuum and then heat-treated inatmosphere in order to prevent to the direct reaction between Al18B4O33 whisker and molten ZK60(Mg-(4.8-6.2)%Zn-(0.45-0.8)%Zr) alloy in preparing the composites. By the coating, the compositehave no interfacial reaction in whisker and matrix. As the consumption of Zn at the interface wasnot observed during preparation of the composites, the composites have good aging behavior, butshowed the shortening of the time to reach the peak hardness. As the cooling speed of the compositeafter solution treatment is slow because of low thermal conductivity of the composites, someprecipitation (MgZn2) was observed in the composites. Furthermore, the precipitation grew aroundthe interface between whisker and matrix preferentially because of thermal stress around theinterface. It seems these phenomena affect to the shortening of the time to reach the peak hardness
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1090-6509
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Scanning tunneling microscopy and reflection high-energy electron diffraction under ultrahigh vacuum conditions were used to make an in situ study of atomic structures at the surface of an InAs/GaAs heterostructure grown by molecular-beam epitaxy. It was observed that the deposition of approximately 0.3 ML of indium on an arsenic-enriched GaAs(001)-2 × 4 surface leads to the formation of the 4 × 2 phase while the deposition of 0.6 ML indium leads to the appearance of a new 6 × 2 reconstruction. It is shown that layer-by-layer two-dimensional epitaxial growth of InAs on GaAs(001) as far as 13 monolayers can only be achieved if the growth front reproduces the 4 × 2 or 6 × 2 symmetry of the substrate and models of 4 × 2 and 6 × 2 reconstructions are proposed. Atomic-resolution images of faceted planes on the surface of three-dimensional islands in an InAs/GaAs(001) system were obtained for the first time and structural models of these were developed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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