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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Nuclear Physics, Section A 423 (1984), S. 130-138 
    ISSN: 0375-9474
    Keywords: Nuclear reactions
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Nuclear Instruments and Methods 93 (1971), S. 381-383 
    ISSN: 0029-554X
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 18 (1995), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Salinity reduces fertility in rice (Oryza sativa L.), but little is known of the underlying cause(s). In order to determine the relative importance of pollen viability and stigmatic receptivity for seed setting, plants of the rice cultivar IR36 were treated with ‘artificial’ sea water (0,10, 25 or 5Omol−3 with respect to NaCl) from 1 month after germination until the main tiller flowered.An increase in the salinity in the medium resulted in a decrease in the number of fertile florets and in the viability of pollen as determined both by pollen germination and by pollen staining with the tetrazolium salt 3-(4,5-dimethyl-ithyazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl monotetrazolium bromide.In order to assess the effects of salt on stigmas, seed production was measured for salt-grown and non-salt-grown female plants pollinated with viable pollen (from plants grown in the absence of salt). The percentage of seed set was reduced by 38% when the female plants were grown in 1Omol m−3 Na and by 72% at 25mol m−3 Na: no seed setting was recorded for plants grown in 50mol m−3 Na. Comparisons between crosses involving male and female parents grown at different salinities indicated that effects on the female plants dominated those on pollinator plants. Mineral analysis of leaves of different ages showed that there was a gradient of K concentration from leaf to leaf which was opposite to that of Na and Cl at all levels of applied salinity: K was maximal in the flag leaf, where Na and Cl were minimal. Analysis also revealed that there was an increase in the concentrations of Na and Cl and a decrease in the concentration of K in the pollen grains and stigmas of plants subjected to saline conditions. Correlations between the concentration of Na and Cl in pollen and pollen staining and pollen germination in vitro suggest that Na and Cl perse were responsible for the poor viability. The change in ionic concentrations in pollen and stigmas was much larger than that in the younger leaves, and in particular very much larger than that in the lemmas and paleas.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The European physical journal 257 (1972), S. 380-388 
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Analogue states in28Si are identified through (p, γ) reaction in27Al in the energy rangeE p =0.85–3.0 MeV. There appears hardly any indication of a mixing. Coulomb displacement energy ΔE c for the isobaric pair28Al-28Si is obtained. A least squares analysis is also carried out on all the available experimental results of ΔE c as a function of ¯Z/A 1/3.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Plant and soil 173 (1995), S. 239-250 
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: fertility ; Oryza sativa ; pollen viability ; rice ; salinity ; seed set ; stigma ; stigmatic receptivity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract The effect of salinity on the reproductive physiology of five rice genotypes (IR54, IR26, IR2153-26-3-5-2, IR15324-117-3-2-2 and BR6), was investigated by treatment from panicle initiation with sodium concentrations of 20, 35 or 50 mol m-3 in an ‘artificial seawater’. In an experiment conducted in a glasshouse, plant height and dry weight were little affected by the treatments. There was, however, genotypic variation in the extent of the sodium accumulation, with IR15324-117-3-2-2 containing the highest and IR2153-26-3-5-2 the lowest concentrations: sodium concentrations were higher in older than younger leaves. Salinity delayed flowering, reduced the number of productive tillers, the number of fertile florest per panicle, the weight per grain and the grain yield: effects on grain yield were very much more severe than on vegetative growth. Panicle length was also reduced as was the number of primary branches in a panicle: again there was genotypic variation in the response of these characters to salinity, with the number of branches in IR2153-26-3-5-2 being particularly sensitive. The concentration of sodium increased in the pollen, stigmas, lemmas and paleas with each increment of external salinity. The highest concentrations of sodium in pollen and stigmas was recorded in IR54 and IR15324-117-3-2-2. Pollen viability, whether tested with the tetrazolium salt thiazolyl blue (3-{4,5-dimethylthiazolyl-2}-2,5-diphenyl monotetrazolium bromide or MTT), germination on stigmas, growth through the stylar tissue or F1 seed set, was reduced particularly in those genotypes accumulating most sodium. At all three salt levels, a genotype which accumulated more Na in its pollen produced less-viable pollen than those with less Na in their pollen. Since the amount of Na in the pollen was highly correlated with the Na in the flag leaf, assessment of flag leaf Na should prove a useful indicator of the likely pollen viability. Stigmatic receptivity was also reduced, when estimated either from germination of viable pollen on stigmas of salt-grown plants, its growth through the stylar tissue or F1 seed set. The reduction of seed set in crosses suggested that the overall consequences of salinity are dominated by effects on panicle development, stigmas and grain filling rather than on pollen. Analysis of the data suggests that genotypic variation exists in the extent to which salinity affects aspects of the plants reproductive physiology and development: this variation might be used in attempts to enhance the resistance of rice to salinity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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