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  • 1
    ISSN: 1520-5835
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Analytical chemistry 51 (1979), S. 69-72 
    ISSN: 1520-6882
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 47 (1969), S. 333-333 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary This is a report about Trisomie 21 and cystic fibrosis in a newborn. At the same time the infant had a hypoplastic thrombocytopenia which has not yet been reported in the literature.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Es wird über die gleichzeitige Erkrankung einer Trisomie 21 mit einer cystischen Pankreasfibrose bei einem Säugling berichtet. Ein bisher unbekannter, zusätzlicher Aspekt ist das Auftreten einer hypoplastischen Thrombocytopenie.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Epilepsy ; Single photon emission computed tomography ; N-Isopropyl-(iodine 123) p-iodoamphetamine ; Regional cerebral blood flow
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) brain scans with N-isopropyl-(iodine 123) p-iodoamphetamine (123I-IMP) were performed three times in interictal periods in a 35-year-old man with intractable frontal lobe epilepsy and normal X-ray CT findings. The first scan showed decreased 123I-IMP uptake in the right frontal lobe. This abnormal image was regarded as the primary focus of his epilepsy on the basis of its regional agreement with focal epileptic discharges on EEGs. In the second scan, he showed normal imaging, while the third scan showed the same abnormal image as before, in the right frontal lobe. The frequency of his clinical seizures was almost unchanged during the intervals between scans and further EEGs recorded soon after each scan showed almost no changes in the basic activities and frequency of the epileptic discharges. Such fluctuations in SPECT brain imaging suggest that the severity of functional inactivation underlying the focal hypoperfusion image as an epileptic focus may fluctuate considerably in the interictal state with no relation to the clinical features of epilepsy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of mathematical biology 14 (1982), S. 327-353 
    ISSN: 1432-1416
    Keywords: Evolution ; Molecular evolution ; Dynamical system ; Neo-Darwinian evolution ; Non-Darwinian evolution ; Neutral theory
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract In order to understand generally how the biological evolution rate depends on relevant parameters such as mutation rate, intensity of selection pressure and its persistence time, the following mathematical model is proposed: dN n (t)/dt=(m n (t-μ)N n (t)+μN n-1(t) (n=0,1,2,3...), where N n (t) and m n (t) are respectively the number and Malthusian parameter of replicons with step number n in a population at time t and μ is the mutation rate, assumed to be a positive constant. The step number of each replicon is defined as either equal to or larger by one than that of its parent, the latter case occurring when and only when mutation has taken place. The average evolution rate defined by $$\upsilon _\infty \equiv {\text{ lim}}_{t \to \infty } \sum _{n = 0}^\infty nN_n (t)/t\sum _{n = 0}^\infty N_n (t)$$ is rigorously obtained for the case (i) m n (t)=m n is independent of t (constant fitness model), where m n is essentially periodic with respect to n, and for the case (ii) $$m_n (t) = {\text{ }}s( - 1)^{n + [1/\tau ]} $$ (periodic fitness model), together with the long time average m ∞ of the average Malthusian parameter $$\bar m \equiv \sum _{n = 0}^\infty m_n (t)N_n (t)/\sum _{n = 0}^\infty N_n (t)$$ . The biological meaning of the results is discussed, comparing them with the features of actual molecular evolution and with some results of computer simulation of the model for finite populations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of mathematical biology 11 (1981), S. 119-141 
    ISSN: 1432-1416
    Keywords: Stochastic dynamical system ; Population genetics ; Stochastic selection ; Diffusion equation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Mathematics
    Notes: Summary A general method is given to obtain a stationary distribution in a “stochastic” one-dimensional dynamical system in which an environmental parameter specifying the dynamical system is a stationary Markov process with only two states. By applying this method, the exact stationary gene frequency distribution is obtained for a genic selection model in the environment fluctuating between two distinct states. Several limiting stationary distributions are obtained therefrom, and one of them is shown to coincide with a stationary solution of the diffusion equation heuristically derived by us for more general cases. Discussion is given on the relationship between the diffusion equations obtained by various authors starting from discrete, non-overlapping generation models.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 112 (1972), S. 113-123 
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Urinary Enzymes in Newborns ; In Childhood Nephritis ; Nephrosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Wir haben im Urin von insgesamt 350 gesunden und kranken Kindern die Aktivität von 7 Enzymen und deren Isoenzymeigenschaften untersucht. Bei Neugeborenen ist die höchste Aktivität der alkalischen Phosphatase, der Glutamin-Oxalacetat-Transaminase und des Lysozyms am 1. und 2. Tag nach der Geburt nachzuweisen. Bei mehr als der Hälfte der Kinder mit akuter Glomerulonephritis sind die Aktivitäten der alkalischen Phosphatase, der Glutamin-Oxalacetat-Transaminase und der Lactat-Dehydrogenase pathologisch erhöht und gehen im Heilungsstadium allmählich auf normale Werte zurück. Auch bei orthostatischer Proteinurie sind die Aktivitäten für diese Fermente sowie für β-Glucuronidase erhöht. Demgegenüber sind bei Kindern mit nephrotischem Syndrom die Fermentaktivitäten meistens tiefer. Pathologisch erhöhte Enzymaktivitäten bestehen ferner bei Kindern mit Leukämie, Neuroblastom, Pneumonie, Hyperthyreoidismus, Hyperbilirubinämie, Asthma bronchiale und Diabetes mellitis. Zwischen den Aktivitäten eines bestimmten Ferment im Urin und im Serum besteht keine Korrelation.
    Notes: Abstract The determination of serum enzyme levels has been increasingly used in diagnosis of children's diseases. However, urinary enzymes have been little studied and many problems remain to be elucidated. As a possible guide to differential diagnosis and prognosis of children's diseases, the urinary enzyme levels were determined in 350 children with and without diseases. The urinary levels of lysozyme (MG=14,000), amylase (MG=45,000), alkaline phosphatase (AP, MG=100,000), glutamate transaminase (GOT, MG=100,000–120,000), lactic dehydrogenase (LDH, MG=140,000), leucine aminopeptidase (LAP, MG=300,000) and β-glucuronidase (MG=300,000) were measured simultaneously in each child. In the neonatal period the highest activities of alkaline phosphatase, glutamate transaminase and lysozyme were observed on the first and second day after birth. The urinary levels of alkaline phosphatase, glutamate transaminase and lactic dehydrogenase were elevated in more than half of the cases in the acute phase of glomerulonephritis, and gradually decreased down to normal levels during recovery. High levels of alkaline phosphatase, glutamate transaminase, lactic dehydrogenase and β-glucoronidase were found in some cases of orthostatic proteinuria. In nephrosis, however, the enzyme activities were mainly low. Abnormally high enzyme levels were observed in leukemia, neuroblastoma, pneumonia, hyperthyreoidism, hyperbilirubinemia, bronchial asthma, and diabetes mellitus. No correlation was found between the enzyme activities in the urine and serum.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 147 (1988), S. 162-167 
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Bovine Surfactant TA ; Hyaline membrane disease ; Preterm baboons ; Mean airway pressure ; Pressure/volume curves
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The responses of Surfactant TA instillation in two groups of premature lambs (Group I, 124.8±1.1 days and Group II, 132.2±1.2 days, mean±SD) and one group of premature baboons (140±1.6 days) were compared to study the effectiveness of the same surfactant in different animal models. The treatment group received Surfactant TA 100 mg/kg surfactant lipid at 1 to 2 h of age. Control lambs and baboons did not receive surfactant. Sequential measurements of arterial blood gas tension, acid base status, mean airway pressure (MAP) and oxygen requirement (FiO2) were carried out for 8h after surfactant instillation. The results show that the Group I surfactant-treated lambs improved significantly following instillation. The a/APO2 improved from 0.08±0.02 before treatment to 0.31±0.12, and the MAP decreased from 15.8±0.9 cm H2O to 13.3±1.3 cm H2O 2.5 h after treatment. At 5.5 h after treatment, the lambs given surfactant deteriorated. Group II treated lambs showed sustained improvement throughout the study period, and improvement in the treated group was not significantly different from Group II control lambs. The surfactant-treated baboons, however showed sustained and significant improvement in a/APO2 from the time of instillation to the end of the study. These data suggest that the differences in response to the same surfactant therapy between the lamb and baboon models were due to related differences in species, lung maturation, and the differences in response to surfactant, i.e., alveolar leak of protein.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 112 (1972), S. 124-132 
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Urinary Enzymes and Isozymes ; Experimental Rat Nephropathy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es wurden Urin-, Serum-und Nierenenzyme von Wistarratten nach experimenteller Nierenschädigung untersucht und die Aktivitäten von 6 Urinenzymen (Lysozym, alkalische Phosphatase, Glutamin-Oxalacetat-Transaminase, Lactat-Dehydrogenase, Leucin-Aminopeptidase und β-Glucuronidase) bestimmt und gleichzeitig auch Isoenzyme (alkalische Phosphatase, Glutamin-Oxalacetat-Transaminase und β-Glucuronidase) untersucht. Wir finden im Aktivitätsverlauf der Urinenzyme und der Isoenzyme deutliche Unterschiede zwischen den Ratten, denen Nephrotoxin und denen Aminonucleosid injiziert wurde. Bei den Isoenzymen der verschiedenen Urinenzyme war bei beiden Gruppen ein deutlicher Unterschied zu beobachten. Das Muster der Isoenzyme ist bei Urin-und Nierenfermenten ähnlich, weicht aber von dem der Serumfermente ab.
    Notes: Abstract The origin of urinary enzymes is obscure. We therefore determined the levels of urinary, serum and kidney enzymes (lysozyme, amylase, alkaline phosphatase, glutamate transaminase, lactic dehydrogenase, leucine aminopeptidase and β-glucuronidase) and isozymes (alkaline phosphatase, glutamate transaminase, leucine aminopeptidase and β-glucuronidase) in Wistar rats with nephrotoxin nephritis or aminonucleoside nephrosis. The urinary enzyme activities varied in several ways in rats with nephrotoxin nephritis and with aminonucleoside nephrosis. A significant difference in the isozymes was found in the two groups. The isozyme-pattern of urinary enzymes resembles that of kidney enzymes, but not that of serum enzymes. These findings indicate that the urinary enzymes are mainly formed by destruction and renewal of renal tissue.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Applied mechanics and materials Vol. 3-4 (Aug. 2006), p. 65-70 
    ISSN: 1662-7482
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Electroless plating can uniformly plate a material on irregular and non-conducting surfaces. Consequently, it has been utilized widely for printed circuit boards in the electronics industry. During the plating process, internal stress is frequently incorporated into the film and this often results in detachment from the substrate. In order to investigate the origins of stress in the films, measurements of film stress are required during the early stages of growth. In this study, TV holography, which can capture holographic images at TV frame rates, was used to sensitively measure the deflection of the cantilever beam during deposition. By substituting the deformation data in Stoney’s equation, it is possible to calculate internal stresses in-situ. The internal stress created by electroless plating from a Cu plating solution on a Be-Cu substrate is discussed. It is assumed that the internal stress is generated in the initial stage in which the plating grains with a thickness of about 0.01µm deposit. This paper shows that the present method can be very useful for in-situ measurement of initial internal stress
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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