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  • 1
    ISSN: 1520-510X
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    R & D management 15 (1985), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1467-9310
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: At this time, following a protracted period of recession, many companies have need to add to or change their technological base. For a company whose basic business is founded on a mature technology and unlikely to recover to its former level of activity, there is need to consider the transition process into a new area of development. For companies, on the other hand, whose businesses are inherently sound but now find themselves lagging behind technologically because of cut-backs and economies in their R&D spend during the recession, some process of catching up may be necessary. In either case, internal development is a possibility but, it is argued, unlikely to be able to act fast enough or to be of sufficient magnitude to make even catching up possible. The acquisition of know-how is an alternative course of action but one which companies can be loath to follow. These statements are supported by evidence on international comparisons of R&D expenditure, and on the national ratios of royalty payments and receipts in respect of know-how. The circumstances under which companies should consider such acquisition, and the strategic considerations guiding which know-how to purchase, are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    R & D management 18 (1988), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1467-9310
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: The author had been associated with the writing of a short series of case studies into the process by which companies allocate their R&D budgets to individual departments or projects. A key question became the location of responsibility for determining the objectives of work under-taken in R&D, and also responsibility for the allocation of resources in R&D.The cases revealed that decisions were taken by senior R&D managers at one extreme, and by marketing or production managers at the other, but also most often jointly between the functions with different weightings of authority. The parameter most clearly differentiating between the loci of responsibility was the project duration. This led to the development of a two dimensional diagram correlating the expected remaining duration of the project, with the locus of responsibility for its management.It is expected that this model which fits current practice into a normative framework will enable organizations to review and adjust their present methods of coping with the complexities of R&D budgeting.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Origins of life and evolution of the biospheres 30 (2000), S. 3-7 
    ISSN: 1573-0875
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Polyadenylic acid (Poly A) immobilised on silicagel stereoselectively binds L-lysine from diluteaqueous solution. When the resulting complex issuspended in an organic solvent and liquid ammoniaadded, lysinamide is formed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1573-7306
    Keywords: angioplasty ; atherosclerosis ; elderly ; stenosis ; stent
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We reviewed our experience of surgical and radiological intervention in 43 patients between 1987 and 1994 with angiographic renovascular disease. We retrospectively compared the effect of angioplasty with stenting versus reconstructive surgery on renal function and blood pressure in those patients with significant atherosclerotic renovascular stenosis. Twenty patients with moderate/non ostial stenosis (less than 60% stenosis) and two with fibromuscular displasia underwent renal angioplasty only. Indications for intervention were refractory hypertension (n=20), flash pulmonary oedema (n=8) and/or renal salvage (n=31). All patients were hypertensive. Angioplasty with stenting was performed in ten patients, (2 female, 8 male), mean age 69 years, 9 with bilateral disease. Plasma creatinine was greater than 240 µmol/L in seven patients. A unilateral procedure was performed in 9 patients. Unilateral reconstructive surgery was performed in eleven patients (4 female, 7 male), mean age 63 years. Plasma creatinine was greater than 240 µmol/L in eight patients. Ten had bilateral disease. In the angioplasty/stenting group there were three technical failures. The mortality rates in the angioplasty/stenting group and surgical group were 10% and 27% respectively. Fifty-one and 165 patient months had elapsed in the stenting and surgical groups respectively. Blood pressure fell in each group, mean decrease in mean arterial pressure (MAP) 16 mmHg (p=0.025) and 30 mmHg (p〈0.01) respectively. Improvement or stabilisation of renal function was achieved in 67% and 91% of cases respectively. Two surgical patients were able to discontinue haemodialysis. The two methods of treatment appear to be equally effective in lowering blood pressure. Reconstructive surgery offers greater improvement in renal function with the possibility of withdrawal of dialysis, at the expense of a higher mortality rate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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