Abstract
When carbon fibre is combined with less-stiff higher-elongation glass fibre in a hybrid composite an enhancement of the failure strain of the carbon fibre reinforced phase is observed. This “hybrid effect” is only partially accounted for by internal compressive strains induced by differential thermal contraction during fabrication. The predominant factor is shown to be a relationship between the strength and effective bundle size of the carbon fibre ligaments which is a consequence of the statistical distribution of strengthreducing flaws in the carbon fibres. A lamina or ligament (bundle) of carbon fibres fails when there is a local critical accumulation of fibre fractures. A model based on this concept is used to relate the two-parameter Weibull strength distribution of the carbon fibre reinforced composite phase to that of single carbon fibres. The model suggests that the critical number of fibre fractures is of the order of 3, and experimental observations of the failure process support this hypothesis.
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Abbreviations
- CFP:
-
carbon fibre reinforced phase
- cfrp:
-
carbon fibre reinforced plastic
- grp:
-
glass fibre reinforced plastic
- Λ:
-
gamma function
- σ :
-
stress
- P :
-
probability
- w :
-
Weibull shape parameter
- σ 0 :
-
Weibull scale parameter
- L :
-
length
- m :
-
number of links in a chain of bundles
- n :
-
number of fibres in a bundle
- i :
-
number of fibre fractures in a group which leads to catastrophic fracture
- f:
-
failure
- s:
-
survival
- m :
-
chain of m links
- n :
-
bundle of n fibres
- L :
-
links of length L
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Manders, P.W., Bader, M.G. The strength of hybrid glass/carbon fibre composites. J Mater Sci 16, 2246–2256 (1981). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00542387
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00542387