Abstract
Mössbauer spectra of biotites (1) and (2) with relative iron concentrations ∼1:1·6 and of their oxidation products are recorded at 4 K in zero field and in applied fields up to 5 T. Magnetic susceptibility data are also reported. The results show that Fe III spins are in a ferromagnetic configuration in the c-plane in both biotites. Partial oxidation of biotite (1) leads to a canted ferromagnetic structure, while complete oxidation of biotite (2) yields an antiferromagnetic spin configuration.
Nearest-neighbour antiferromagnetic Fe III-O-Fe III, and ferromagnetic Fe III-O-Fe II and Fe II-O-Fe II superexchange can account for the results. For biotites with higher concentrations of iron, Fe II and Fe III seem to be distributed randomly in the triangular lattice. From susceptibility results in biotites dilute in iron, an estimate of the ratio of nearest-neighbour and next-nearest neighbour magnetic interaction in the triangular lattice is derived.
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Longworth, G., Townsend, M.G., Provencher, R. et al. Magnetic interaction in biotites and oxidised biotites. Phys Chem Minerals 15, 71–77 (1987). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00307611
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00307611