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Pathogenesis of the blister in cicatricial pemphigoid and in bullous pemphigoid

A Comparative Ultrastructural Study

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Summary

A comparative ultrastructural study of bullous lesions of four cases of Cicatricial Pemphigoid and three cases of Bullous Pemphigoid showed: a) in Bullous Pemphigoid the blister seems to form in the intermembrane space while the basal lamina is still visible on the floor of the blister, b) in Cicatricial Pemphigoid it is the basal lamina which appears to be directly affected, its disappearance probably being the consequence of a marked edema of the superficial dermis.

It is pointed out that controversial ultrastructural information concerning dermo-epidermal bullous diseases can often be ascribed to the speed of blister formation, to the time at which the biopsy is performed and to the different techniques used in the preparation of specimens.

Zusammenfassung

Bei 4 Patienten mit sogenanntem benignem Schleimhaut-Pemphigoid sowie 3 Patienten mit bullösem Pemphigoid wurden Blasen excidiert und ultramikroskopisch untersucht. Die Blasenbildung scheint beim bullösen Pemphigoid im intermembranösen Raum stattzufinden, während die Basallamina am Blasengrund sichtbar bleibt. Beim benignen Schleimhautpemphigoid zeigen sich die wesentlichen Veränderungen in der Basallamina, die infolge eines starken Ödems der oberen Dermis verloren geht.

Die Widersprüchlichkeit vieler ultrastruktureller Beobachtungen über den Mechanismus der Blasenbildung ist auf folgende Faktoren zurückzuführen: Die Geschwindigkeit, mit der eine Blase entsteht; der Zeitraum, an dem die Probeexcision durchgeführt wird, sowie die verschiedenen Techniken, die in der Aufbereitung des Excisionsmaterial befolgt werden.

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Caputo, R., Bellone, A.G. & Crosti, C. Pathogenesis of the blister in cicatricial pemphigoid and in bullous pemphigoid. Arch. Derm. Forsch. 247, 181–192 (1973). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00595929

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00595929

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