Summary
The effect of X-ray irradiation on the process of primary mineralization in bone was studied by biochemical and ultrastructural methods. A single dose of 1500R was administered to the head region of rats. The animals were examined immediately after irradiation and 1, 2 and 3 weeks later. Fractions of isolated cells and extracellular matrix vesicles were prepared from the maxillary alveolar bone of irradiated and untreated rats by collagenase digestion and differential centrifugation. The protein content and activities of vesicular phosphatases were determined in both fractions. A continuous decrease in the activity of alkaline phosphatase could be observed in both cell and matrix vesicle fractions during a three-week follow up after irradiation. Acid phosphatase activity decreased only in the vesicle fraction.
Transmission electron microscopy of irradiated bone tissue revealed that many matrix vesicles were devoid of intact membranes and apatite crystals. Calcifying nodules were abundant in the matrix without their apparent fusion into larger mineralized structures. It is suggested that irradiation interferes with enzymatic processes associated with primary mineralization.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Ali SY (1977) Matrix vesicles and apatite nodules in arthritic cartilage. In: Willoughby DA, Giroud JP, Velo GP (eds) Perspectives in inflammation. MTP Press, Lancaster, pp 211–223
Ali SY, Sajdera SW, Anderson HC (1970) Isolation and characterization of the calcifying matrix vesicles from epiphyseal cartilage. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 76:1513–1520
Anderson HC (1976) Matrix vesicles of cartilage and bone. In: Bourne GH (ed) The Biochemistry and physiology of bone, vol. 4. Academic Press, New York, pp 135–147
Bab I, Muhlrad A, Sela J (1979) Occurrence of extracellular matrix vesicles in normal alveolar bone of rats. Cell Tissue Res 202:1–7
Bab I, Deutsch D, Schwartz Z, Muhlrad A, Sela J (1982) Correlative morphometric and biochemical analysis of purified extracellular matrix vesicles from rat alveolar bone. Calcif Tissue Int (in press)
Bab I, Rosenmann E, Ne'eman Z, Sela J (1981) The occurrence of extracellular matrix vesicles in pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis. Virchows Arch Pathol Anat 391:357–361
Bab I, Sela J, Stein H (1982) Transplantation of free perichondrial grafts info rabbit articular cartilage is associated with matrix vesicle calcification. Acta Anat (in press)
Boivin PG (1975) Cutaneous calcinosis induced by topical calcifilaxis in the rat. I. Ultrastructural aspects. Arch Anat Microsc 64:183–205
Bradford NM (1976) A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantitites of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Anal Biochem 72:248–252
Cohen SH, Gong JK (1963) Effect of 500 roentgen whole body X-irradiation on the growth and metabolism of rat bone. US Navy Def Lab 3:21–28
Cutler M (1951) Problem of extraction in relation to osteoradionecrosis complicating radiotherapy for intraoral cancer. Oral Surg 4:1077–1090
Deutsch D, Bab I, Muhlrad A, Sela J (1982) Purification and further characterization of isolated matrix vesicles from rat alveolar bone. Metab Bone Dis Relat Res 3:209–214
Furstman LL (1972) Effect of radiation on bone. J Dent Res 51:596–604
Horn Y, Sela MN, Shlomi B, Ulmansky M, Sela J (1979) Effect of irradiationtiming on the initial socket healing in rats. Int J Oral Surg 8:457–461
Ketenjian AY, Arsenis C (1975) Morphological and biochemical studies during differentiation and calcification of fracture callus cartilage. Clin Orth Related Res 61:129–145
Kim KM (1976) Calcification of matrix vesicles in human aortic valve and aortic media. Fed Proc 35:156–162
Muhlrad A, Bab I, Sela J (1981) Dynamic changes in bone cells and extracellular matrix vesicles during healing of alveolar bone in rats. Metab Bone Dis Rel Res 2:347–356
Muhlrad A, Stein H, Bab I, Sela J (1978) Fine structure and enzymes of matrix vesicles in osteosarcoma. Possible occurrence of contractile proteins. Metab Bone Dis Relat Res 1:227–233
Nijweide PJ, Gaillard PJ, Hekkelman JW, Herrmann-Erlee MPH, Plas AVD, Vegt GB, Mellink JH (1978) The effect of irradiation on embryonic bone and cartilage in vitro. Radiation Res 73:234–250
Phillips RD, Kimeldorf DJ (1966) Local and systemic effects of ionizing radiation on bone growth. J Physiol 210:1096–1100
Sela J, Bab I (1979) Correlative transmission and scanning electron microscopy on the initial mineralization of healing alveolar bone in rats. Acta Anat 401:408–414
Sela J, Bab I, Muhlrad A (1978) Ultrastructural and biochemical characterization of extracellular matrix vesicles in healing alveolar bone sockets. Preliminary indications for the presence of contractile proteins. Metab Bone Dis Rel Res 1:185–191
Sela J, Bab I, Muhlrad A, Stein H (1981) Extracellular metrix vesicles in human osteogenic neoplasms. Cancer 48:1602–1610
Spurr AR (1969) A low viscosity epoxy embedding medium for electron microscopy. J Ultrastruc Res 26:31–43
Stein H, Bab I, Sela J (1981) The occurrence of hydroxyapatite crystals in extracellular matrix vesicles after surgical manipulations of the rabbit Knee joint. Cell Tissue Res 214:449–454
Wilkins ME, Regen EM (1934) The influence of roentgen rays on the growth and phosphatase activity of bone. Radiology 22:674–677
Vaes G (1965) Hydrolytic enzymes and lysosomes in bone cells. In: Richelle LJ, Dallemagne MJ (eds) Calcified tissues, l'Universita de Liege, Liege, p 51
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Sela, J., Deutsch, D., Bodner, L. et al. Effect of X-ray irradiation on primary mineralization in rat alveolar bone. Vichows Archiv A Pathol Anat 398, 11–18 (1982). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00585609
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00585609