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Correlation of hepatitis B virus, hepatitis D virus and human immunodeficiency virus type I infection markers in hepatitis B surface antigen positive haemophiliacs and patients without haemophilia with clinical and histopathological outcome of hepatitis

  • Gastroenterology/Hepatology
  • Published:
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Abstract

The hepatitis D virus (HDV) infection plays a major role in severe liver damage caused by hepatitis. To establish the prevalence of HDV infection in haemophilic patients and patients without haemophilia, 87 patients with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection were examined for serological evidence of delta hepatitis. In addition HBV, HDV and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV) infection markers were compared to clinical and histopathological outcome of hepatitis. Out of 46 haemophiliacs 30 (65%) were anti-HD-seropositive; 10 out of 30 anti-HD-positive patients (33%) had pathological liver function tests compared to 2 out of 16 anti-HD-negative haemophiliacs (13%). The rate of HIV infection did not differ between the HDV infected and the non-HDV infected individuals with haemophilia (17/27 anti-HD-positive patients versus 12/16 anti-HD-negative patients). Two haemophilic anti-HD-positive patients underwent liver biopsy, in both cases hepatitis D antigen (HDAg) was detected in the biopsies. Only 2 out of 41 patients without haemophilia were anti-HD-positive. Both had pathological liver function tests; chronic active hepatitis and cirrhosis, respectively, were diagnosed and HDAg was found in the liver biopsies. Out of 39 anti-HD-seronegative patients without haemophilia, 26 (67%) were hepatitis B e antigen positive; in the sera of 20 patients )51%) HBV-DNA was demonstrated, but only 6 patients (15%) had pathological liver function tests. In conclusion a high seroprevalence of HDV infection was found in haemophilic patients treated with non-pasteurized commercial clotting factor concentrates. An endemic spreading of HDV infection in patients without haemophilia with chronic HBV infection could not be detected. In haemophilic patients pathological liver function tests were more frequently associated with HDV superinfection than with chronic HBV infection alone. HIV infection was diagnosed at a similar rate in anti-HD-positive and anti-HD-negative patients.

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Abbreviations

Anti-HBe:

antibody to HBeAg

Anti-HBs:

antibody to HBsAg

Anti-HD:

antibody to hepatitis D antigen

HBeAg:

hepatitis B e antigen

HBsAg:

hepatitis B surface antigen

HBV:

hepatitis B virus

HDAg:

hepatitis D antigen

HDV:

hepatitis D virus

HIV 1:

human immunodeficiency virus type 1

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Author notes

  1. N. Wagner

    Present address: Division of Tumor Immunology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, M 744, 44 Binney Str, 02115, Boston, MA, USA

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Paediatrics, University of Bonn, Adenauerallee 119, 5300, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany

    N. Wagner, H. W. Rotthauwe & M. Becker

  2. Pathological Institute, University of Mainz, Mainz, Federal Republic of Germany

    H. P. Dienes

  3. Institute of Virology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Federal Republic of Germany

    T. Mertens

  4. Institutes of Paediatric Pathology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Federal Republic of Germany

    H. J. Födisch

  5. Experimental Haematology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Federal Republic of Germany

    H. H. Brackmann

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Wagner, N., Rotthauwe, H.W., Becker, M. et al. Correlation of hepatitis B virus, hepatitis D virus and human immunodeficiency virus type I infection markers in hepatitis B surface antigen positive haemophiliacs and patients without haemophilia with clinical and histopathological outcome of hepatitis. Eur J Pediatr 151, 90–94 (1992). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01958949

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01958949

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