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Studies on the effect of controlled volume change on the thoracic electrical impedance

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Abstract

The purpose of this study was to determine the sensitivity of the thoracic electrical impedance change to blood-volume changes in various regions of the thorax. Using recently euthanatised dogs blood was infused in both a stepwise and a continuously varying manner into the ventricles, atria, lungs and isolated segments of the aorta. The results show that the impedance sensitivities to volume changes in the atria and aorta are similar, whereas the volume changes of the ventricles showed a significantly smaller effect. Equal blood-volume pulses into the lungs or aorta cause an impedance change of a similar magnitude, but estimates based on control-pressure changes indicate the effect of aorta volume change on the impedance to be less than 30%. The data, therefore, indicate that changes in volume of several of the intrathoracic cardiovascular structures are likely to be involved in the generation of a composite cardiogenic electrical impedance change.

Sommaire

Le but de cette étude est de déterminer la sensibilité de l'impédance électrique de la cage thoracique aux changements du volume sanguin dans différentes régions du thorax. Pour cela, le sang de chiens récemment sacrifiés a été infusé de manière variable à la fois par étapes et en continu dans les ventricules, oreillettes, poumons et également dans des segments isolés de l'aorte. Les résultats montrent que les sensibilités de l'impédance aux changements de volume dans les oreillettes et l'aorte sont similaires, tandis que les changements de volume dans les ventricules sont nettement moins d'effet. Des pulsations de sang de volume égal dans les poumons ou l'aorte donnent un changement d'impédance d'amplitude similaire, mais une estimation basée sur les changements de pression de contrôle indique que l'effet des changements de volume sanguin dans l'aorte modifie l'impédance de moins de 30%. Ces données montrent donc que des changements de volume de plusieurs des structures cardiovasculaires intrathrocaques participent probablement à la création d'un changement d'impédance électrique cardiaque composite.

Zusammenfassung

Der Zweck dieser Studie war, die Sensibilität der brustkorbbezüglichen elektrischen Impedanzveränderung auf Blutvolumenveränderungen in verschiedenen Regionen des Brustkorbs zu bestimmen. Bei kurz zuvor euthanasierten Hunden wurde Blut sowohl schrittweise als auch in kontinuierlicher Form abwechselnd in die Hirnkammern, Atria, Lungen und isolierte Segmente der Aorta infusiert. Die Resultate zeigen, daß die Impedanzsensibilität in bezug auf die Volumenveränderungen in Atria und Aorta in beiden ähnlich ist, während die Volumensveränderungen der Hirnkammern eine bedeutend kleinere Wirkung zeigten. Gleiche Blutvolumenimpulse in Lunge oder Aorta erzeugen eine ähnlich große Impedanzveränderung, jedoch weisen auf Regeldruckveränderungen basierende Schätzungen darauf hin, daß die Wirkung der Aorta-Volumenveränderung auf die Impedanz kleiner als 30% ist. Deshalb sind die Daten eine Indikation dafür, daß Volumenveränderungen verschiedener intrathorakischer herzgefäßbezüglicher Strukturen möglicherweise zur Erzeugung einer zusammengesetzten kardiogenen elektrischen Impedanzveränderung beitragen.

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Patterson, R.P., Kubicek, W.G., Witsoe, D.A. et al. Studies on the effect of controlled volume change on the thoracic electrical impedance. Med. Biol. Eng. Comput. 16, 531–536 (1978). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02457804

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02457804

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