Summary
The optimum conditions for the coupling of fowl plague virus (FPV) transcription to anin vitro reticulocyte translation system have been established and shown to be close to those required for maximum RNA synthesis by purified FPV virions. Products have been characterized by the peptides they yield on limited proteolysis in SDS and it has been shown that virus nucleoprotein (NP) and matrix (M) protein are made. The smallest virus coded polypeptide, the non-structural protein (NS), is made in only small amounts in the coupled system although it is a major virus coded product of infected cells early in infection.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Barry, R. D.: The effects of actinomycin D and ultraviolet irradiation on the production of fowl plague virus. Virology24, 563–569 (1964).
Bishop, D. H. L., Obijeski, J. F., Simpson, R. W.: Transcription of the influenza ribonucleic genome by a virion polymerase. 1. Optimal conditions forin vitro activity of the ribonucleic acid dependent ribonucleic acid polymerase. J. Virol.8, 66–73 (1971).
Breindl, M., Holland, J. J.: Studies on thein vitro transcription and translation of vesicular stomatitis virus mRNA. Virology73, 106–118 (1976).
Chow, N. L., Simpson, R. W.: RNA dependent RNA polymerase activity associated with virions and sub viral particles of myxoviruses. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.68, 752–756 (1971).
Cleveland, D. W., Fischer, S. G., Kirschner, M. W., Laemmli, U. K.: Peptide mapping by limited proteolysis in sodium dodecyl sulphate and analysis by gel electrophoresis. J. biol. Chem.252, 1102–1106 (1977).
Content, J., de Wit, L., Horisberger, H.: Cell free coupling of influenza virus RNA transcription and translation. J. Virol.22, 247–255 (1977).
Darnbrough, C., Legon, S., Hunt, T., Jackson, R. J.: Initiation of protein synthesis: Evidence for messenger RNA independent binding of methionyl transfer RNA to the 40S ribosomal subunit. J. mol. Biol.76, 379–403 (1973).
Dimmock, N. J., Carver, A. S., Kennedy, S. I. T., Lee, M. R., Luscombe, S.: Internal proteins of influenza virus:35S-methionine peptide maps as genetic markers. J. gen. Virol.36, 503–514 (1977).
Etkind, P. R., Buchhagen, D. L., Herz, C., Broni, B. B., Krug, R. M.: The segments of influenza viral mRNA. J. Virol.22, 346–353 (1977).
Follett, E. A. C., Pringle, C. R., Wunner, W. H., Skehel, J. J.: Virus replication in enucleate cells: vesicular stomatitis virus and influenza virus. J. Virol.13, 394–399 (1974).
Inglis, S. C., Carroll, A. R., Lamb, R. A., Mahy, B. W. J.: Polypeptides specified by the influenza virus genome. 1. Evidence for eight distinct gene products specified by fowl plague virus. Virology74, 489–503 (1976).
Kelly, D. C., Avery, R. J., Dimmock, N. J.: Failure of an influenza virus to initiate infection in enucleate BHK cells. J. Virol.13, 1155–1161 (1974).
Kilbourne, E. D., Choppin, P. W., Schulze, I. T., Scholtissek, C., Bucher, D.: Influenza virus polypeptides and antigens—Summary of influenza virus workshop I. J. infect. Dis.125, 447–455 (1972).
Laskey, R. A., Mills, A. D.: Quantitative film detection of3H and14C in polyacrylamide gel by fluorography. Europ. J. Biochem.56, 335–341 (1975).
Laver, R. G., Baker, N.: Amino acid composition of polypeptides from influenza particles. J. gen. Virol.17, 61–67 (1972).
Leinwand, L., Ruddle, R. H.: Stimulation ofin vitro translation of messenger RNA by actinomycin D and cordycepin. Science197, 381–383 (1977).
Lowry, O. H., Rosebrough, N. J., Farr, A. L., Randall, R. J.: Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent. J. biol. Chem.193, 265–275 (1951).
McGeoch, D., Kitron, N.: Influenza virion RNA dependent RNA polymerase: stimulation by guanosine and related compounds. J. Virol.15, 686–695 (1975).
Minor, P. D., Dimmock, N. J.: Selective inhibition of influenza virus protein synthesis by inhibitors of DNA function. Virology78, 393–406 (1977).
Pelham, H. R. B., Jackson, R. J.: An efficient mRNA dependent translation system from reticulocyte lysates. Europ. J. Biochem.67, 247–256 (1976).
Penhoet, E., Miller, H., Doyle, M., Blatt, S.: RNA dependent polymerase activity in influenza virions. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.68, 1369–1371 (1971).
Plotch, S. J., Krug, R. M.: Influenza virion transcriptase: synthesis of large polyadenylic acid containing complementary RNA. J. Virol.21, 24–34 (1977).
Pons, M. W.: The inhibition of influenza virus RNA synthesis by actinomycin D and cycloheximide. Virology51, 120–128 (1973).
Rochovansky, O. M.: RNA synthesis by ribonucleoprotein-polymerase complexes isolated from influenza virus. Virology73, 327–338 (1976).
Roberts, B. E., Paterson, B. M.: Efficient translation of tobacco mosaic virus RNA and rabbit globin 9 S RNA in a cell free system from commercial wheat germ. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.70, 2330–2334 (1973).
Skehel, J. J.: RNA dependent RNA polymerase activity of the influenza virus. Virology45, 793–796 (1971).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
With 4 Figures
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Minor, P.D., Dimmock, N.J. The coupling of transcription from influenza virions to translationin vitro . Archives of Virology 59, 201–212 (1979). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01317415
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01317415