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Quantitative estimation of illite-smectite mixed phases formed during burial diagenesis

Quantitative Abschätzung versenkungsdiagenetisch gebildeter Illit-Smektit Mischphasen

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Summary

With reference to the previously published papers byReynolds andHower (1970) andPerry andHower (1970) pelitic sediments from bore hole samples from the Tertiary sequence of the Vienna Basin have been studied to investigate the layer silicate assemblages and to carry out a quantitative estimation of the mixed-layering in the illitesmectite mixtures. Beside these problems one of the primary purposes of this paper is to indicate how interfering reflections from detrital layer silicates can be handled and resolved from diffraction patterns. The samples correspond to clayey silts. Within the less than 0.2 micron fractions they essentially contain mica, kaolinite and illite-smectite as expandable phase. Dependent on depth the composition of these mixtures is intermediate between an interstratified mixed layer phase consisting of about 75 percent smectite layers and 25 percent illite and an ordered mixture which contains about 20 percent smectite and 80 percent illite layers.

Since the mineral components maintain essentially constant portions throughout the samples, mica and kaolinite do not enter the illitization reaction. The necessary potassium and aluminum ions were derived from the nonclay constituents.

Zusammenfassung

In Anlehnung an die vonReynolds undHower (1970) sowie vonPerry undHower (1970) aufgezeigten Untersuchungsmethoden wurden an Beispielen von bohrproben tertiärer Feinkornsedimente aus dem Wiener Becken Untersuchungen zur Identifizierung und quantitativen Erfassung von Illit-Smektit Mixed-Layer-Phasen durchgeführt, wobei die Behandlung bzw. Ausschaltung von Störeffekten durch detritäre Mineralanteile im Rahmen dieser Methoden in den Vordergrund der Arbeit gestellt wird. Die durchwegs tonigen Silten entsprechenden Proben enthalten in der Fraktion kleiner 0,2 Mikron im wesentlichen Glimmer, Kaolinit und als quellfähige Phase Illit-Smektit, die mit zunehmender Teufevon einer Mischphase mit zufälliger Ordnung und 75% Smektit-bzw. 25% Illitanteilen zu einer geordneten Mixed-Layer-Bildung von 20% Smektit und 80% Illit überleitet.

Da die Zusammensetzung der Proben hinsichtlich der Verbreitung von Illit-Smektit, Glimmer und Kaolinit keine Veränderungen aufweist, können Beeinflussungen der beiden zuletzt genannten Phasen im Zuge des Illitisierungsprozesses ausgeschlossen werden. Die zur Illitbildung erforderliche Zufuhr von Kalium und Aluminium erfolgte demnach auf Kosten der Nicht-Ton-Minerale.

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Johns, W.D., Kurzweil, H. Quantitative estimation of illite-smectite mixed phases formed during burial diagenesis. TMPM Tschermaks Petr. Mitt. 26, 203–215 (1979). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01081846

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01081846

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