Summary
A small cartridge containing a drying agent is inserted between a solid phase extraction (SPE) column and a gas chromatograph (GC) to enable the introduction of water-free desorption solvent into the GC in on-line liquid chromatography (LC)-type enrichment of trace-level analytes from water samples. Some characteristics of the drying agents, such as their capacity to retain water and their re-usability after heating, have been tested. Possible interactions of the drying agent with the analytes, e.g., irreversible adsorption or catalyzed degradation, have been checked for a wide range of alkanes, alkylbenzenes chlorobenzenes, chlorophenols and phthalate esters. Using the on-line SPE-GC system with flame ionization detection (FID) and spiked samples containing different levels of the test compounds, the repeatability was shown to be satisfactory (6–17%). For 10 mL samples, the detection limits were lower than 0.1 μg/L. The on-line SPE-GC-FID system here presented can be used for the repeated analysis of water samples without exchange of the dyring cartridge. The technique is applied to the analysis of tap water.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
K. Grob, in W. Bertsch, W. G. Jennings, P. Sandra, Eds., “On-line Coupled LC-GC”, Hüthig, Heidelberg, 1991.
K. Grob J. Chromatogr.626, 25 (1992).
H. Bagheri, J. J. Vreuls, R. T. Ghijsen, U. A. Th. Brinkman, Chromatographia34, 5 (1992).
J. C. Moltó, Y. Picó, G. Font, J. Mañes, J. Chromatogr.555, 137 (1991).
G. Font, J. Mañes, J. C. Moltó, Y. Picó, J. Chromatogr.642, 135 (1993).
J. Horack, R. E. Majors, LC-GC Intem.8, 208 (1993).
J. J. Vreuls, W. J. G. M. Cuppen, G. J. de Jong, U. A. Th. Brinkman, J. High Resolut. Chromatogr.13, 157 (1990).
D. W. Potter, J. Pawliszyn, J. Chromatogr.625, 247 (1992).
P. J. M. Kwakman, J. J. Vreuls, R. T. Ghijsen, U. A. Th. Brinkman, Chromatographia34, 41 (1992).
E. Noroozian, F. A. Maris, M. W. F. Nielen, R. W. Frei, G. J. de Jong, U. A. Th. Brinkman, J. HRC & CC10, 17 (1987).
I. L. Davies, K. E. Markides, M. L. Lee, M. W. Raynor, K. D. Bartle, J. HRC & CC12, 193 (1989).
M. C. Hennion, V. Coquart, J. Chromatogr.642, 211 (1993).
J. J. Vreuls, R. T. Ghijsen, G. J. de Jong, U. A. Th. Brinkman, J. Chromatogr.625, 237 (1992).
Th. Schuchardt, „Trocknen im Laborr”, E. Merck, Darmstadt, 1985, p. 43.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Picó, Y., Vreuls, J.J., Ghijsen, R.T. et al. Drying agents for water-free introduction of desorption solvent into a GC after on-line SPE of aqueous samples. Chromatographia 38, 461–469 (1994). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02269837
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02269837