Summary
We report the observation of strong red- and blue-light emission in free-standing porous-silicon samples prepared from n + substrates at different anodization current densities. The surface morphology of the free-standing samples has been analyzed by means of atomic-force microscopy. Upon excitation with nanosecond pulses at room temperature, both blue and red luminescence bands appear, peaked around 3.2 and 2.0 eV, respectively. An extensive study of the time-resolved behavior of the photoluminescence signal reveals different dynamical features for the two spectral regions. The observed long decay time (several μs) of the red band reflects the predominant effect of non-radiative processes and is consistent with models based on excition diffusion through the interconnected silicon nanocrystals (quantum dots) skeleton. The relatively fast blue-band decay time (≈400 ns) is shown to be related to non-radiative recombination through trap states at the silicon nanocrystal surface.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Canham L. T., Appl. Phys. Lett., 57 (1990) 1046.
Grüning U., Lehmann V. and Engelhard C. M., Appl. Phys. Lett., 66 (1995) 3254.
Xu J. and Steckl A. J., IEEE Elec. Dev. Lett., 15 (1994) 507.
Ben-Chorin M., Kux A. and Schechter I., Appl. Phys. Lett., 64 (1994) 481.
Koyama H., Nakagawa T., Ozaki T. and Koshida N., Appl. Phys. Lett., 65 (1994) 1656.
Pellegrini V., Fuso F., Lorenzi G., Allegrini M., Diligenti A., Nannini A. and Pennelli G., Appl. Phys. Lett., 67(1995) 1084.
Pellegrini V., Tredicucci A., Mazzoleni C. and Pavesi L., Phys. Rev. B. 52 (1995) R14328.
Mazzoleni C., Pavesi L., Tredicucci A. and Pellegrini V., Appl. Phys. Lett., 67 (1995) 3280.
Cullis A. G. and Canham L. T., Nature (London), 353 (1991) 335.
Teschke O., Appl. Phys. Lett., 64 (1994) 1986.
Buda F., Kohanoff J. and Parrinello M., Phys. Rev. Lett., 69 (1992) 1272.
Hill N. A. and Whaley K. B., Appl. Phys. Lett., 67 (1995) 1125.
Pavesi L. and Ceschini M., Phys. Rev. B, 48 (1993) 17625.
Suemoto T., Tanaka K. and Nakajima A., Phys. Rev. B, 49 (1994) 11005.
Suemoto T., Tanaka K., Nakajima A. and Itakura T., Phys. Rev. Lett., 23 (1993) 3659.
Tsybeskov L. and Fauchet P. M., Appl. Phys. Lett., 64 (1994) 1983.
Kumar R., Kitoh Y. and Hara K., Appl. Phys. Lett., 63 (1993) 3032.
Harvey J. F., Shen H., Lux R. A., Dutta M., Pamulapati J. and Tsu R., Mater. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc., 256 (1992) 175.
Wang X., Shi G., Zhang F. L., Chen H. J. Wang W., Hao P. H. and Hou X. Y., Appl. Phys. Lett., 63 (1993) 2363.
Tsybeskov L., Vandyshev J. V. and Fauchet P. M., Phys. Rev. B, 49 (1994) 7821
Loni A., Simons A. J., Calcott P. D. J. and Canham L. T. J. Appl. Phys., 77 (1995) 3557.
Kovalev D. I. Yaroshetzkii I. D., Muschik T., Petrova-Koch V. and Koch F., Appl. Phys. Lett., 64 (1994) 214.
John G. C. and Singh V. A., Phys. Rev. B, 52 (1995) 11125.
Koch F. Mater. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc., 298 (1993) 319.
Ito T., Ohta T. and Hiraki A., Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., 31 (1992) L1.
Diligenti A., Nannini A., Pennelli G., Pieri F., Pellegrini V., Fuso F. and Allegrini M., this issue, p. 1197.
Amisola G. B., Behrensmeier R., Galligan J. M., Otter F. A., Namavar F. and Kalkoran N. M., Appl. Phys. Lett., 61 (1992) 2595.
Schuppler S., Friedman S. L., Marcus M. A. Adler D. L., Xie Y. H., Ross F. M., Harris T. D., Brown W. L., Chabal Y. J., Brus L. E. and Citrin P. H., Phys. Rev. Lett., 72 (1994) 2648.
Schuppler S., Friedman S. L., Marcus M. A., Adler D. L., Xie Y. H., Ross F. M., Chabal J., Harris T. D., Brus L. E., Brown W. L., Chaban E. E., Szajowski P. F., Christman S. B. and Citrin P. H., Phys. Rev. B, 52 (1995) 4910.
Ben-Chorin M., Möller F. and Koch F. Phys. Rev. B, 49 (1994) 2981.
Dimaria D. J., Curtley J. R., Pakulis E. J., Dong D. W., Kuan T. S., Pasavento F. L., Theis N. and Cutro J. A. J. Appl. Phys., 56 (1984) 401.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Puccini, S., Pellegrini, V., Labardi, M. et al. Red- and blue-light emission from free-standing porous silicon. Nuov Cim D 18, 1149–1157 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02464692
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02464692