Abstract
In laboratory toxicity tests, woodlice (Oniscus asellus) exposed to a variety of different combinations of the metals cadmium, lead, and zinc exhibited a broad range in intensity of the induction of the 70 kDa stress protein (hsp70, stress-70). Using two-dimensional isobolograms and the ‘toxic unit’ concept, it could be shown that cadmium and lead as well as cadmium and zinc or lead and zinc act as synergists and cause superadditive effects on the stress response of these animals. Using a three- dimensional isobologram based on the stress-70 level in response to numerous combinations of all three tested metals, transfer to the field could be achieved: data obtained from O. asellus populations abundant at field sites, the soils of which are influenced mainly by different concentrations of these heavy metals, were found to fit this laboratory test-based model
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Altenburger, R., Bödeker, W., Faust, M. and Grimme, L.H. (1990) Evaluation of the isobologram method for the assessment of mixtures of chemicals. Ecotox. Environ. Safety 20, 98–114.
Bengtsson, G. and Tranvik, L. (1989) Critical metal concentrations for forest soil invertebrates — A review of the limitations. Water Air Soil Pollut. 47, 381–417.
Buhl, K.J. and Hamilton, S.J. (1990) Comparative toxicity of inorganic contaminants released by placer mining to early life stages of salmonids. Ecotox. Environ. Safety 20, 325–42.
Dave, G. and Dennegard, B. (1994) Sediment toxicity and heavy metals in the Kattegatt and Skagerrak. J. Aquatic Ecosystem Health 3, 207–19.
De March, B.G.E. (1988) Acute Toxicity of binary mixtures of five cations (copper, cadmium, zinc, magnesium and potassium) to the freshwater amphipod Gammarus lacustris Sars. Alternative desciptive models. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 45, 625–33.
Eckwert, H., Zanger, M., Reiss, S., Musolff, H., Alberti, G. and Köhler, H.-R. (1994) The effect of heavy metals on the expression of hsp70 in soil invertebrates. Verh. Dtsch. Zool. Ges. 87, 325.
Eckwert, H., Alberti, G. and Köhler, H.-R. (1996) The induction of stress proteins (hsp) in Oniscus asellus (Isopoda) as a molecular marker of multiple heavy metal exposure. I: Principles and toxicological assessment. Ecotoxicology 6, 249–62.
Enserink, E.L., Maas-Diepeveen, J.L. and van Leeuwen, C.J. (1991) Combined effects of metals: an ecotoxicological evaluation. Water Res. 25, 679–88.
Hopkin, S.P. (1989) Ecophysiology of Metals in Terrestrial Invertebrates. London, New York: Elsevier.
Kelley, P.M. and Schlesinger, M.J. (1982) Antibodies to two major chicken heat shock proteins cross-react with similar proteins in widely divergent species. Mol. Cell Biol. 2, 267–74.
Khangarot, B.S. and Ray, P.K. (1987) Studies on the acute toxicity of copper and mercury alone and in combination to the common guppy Poecilia reticulata Peters. Arch. Hydrobiol. 110, 303–14.
Köhler, H.-R., Storch, V. and Alberti, G. (1992a) The impact of lead on the assimilation efficiency of laboratory-held Diplopoda (Arthropoda) preconditioned in different environmental situations. Oecologia 90, 113–19.
Köhler, H.-R., Triebskorn, R., Stöcker, W., Kloetzel, P.-M. and Alberti, G. (1992b) The 70 kD heat shock protein (hsp 70) in soil invertebrates: a possible tool for monitoring environmental toxicants. Arch. Environ. Contamin. Toxicol. 22, 234–8.
Köhler, H.-R., Wein, C., Reiss, S., Storch, V. and Alberti, G. (1995) The impact of heavy metals on mass and energy flux within the decomposition process in deciduous forests. Ecotoxicology, 4, 114–37.
Kraak, M.H.S., Lavy, D., Schoon, H., Toussaint, M., Peeters, W.H.M. and van Straalen, N.M. (1994) Ecotoxicity of mixtures of metals to the zebra mussel Dreissena polymorpha. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 13, 109–14
Loewe, S. (1928) Die quantitativen Probleme der Pharmakologie. Erg. Physiol. biol. Chem. exp. Pharmakol. 27, 47–187.
Loewe, S. and Muischnek, H. (1926) Über Kombinationswirkungen. 1. Mitteilung: Hilfsmittel der Fragestellung. Naunyn-Schmiedebergs Arch. exp. Pathol. Pharmakol. 114, 313–26.
Müller, G., Haamann, L., Kubat, R. and Noë, K. (1987) Schwermetalle und Nährstoffe in den Böden des Rhein-Neckar-Raumes: Ergebnisse flächendeckender Untersuchungen. Heidelberger Geowissenschaftliche Abhandlungen 13, 1–346.
Peakall, D.B. and Walker, C.H. (1994) The role of biomarkers in environmental assessment. (3). Vertebrates. Ecotoxicology 3, 173–9.
Posthuma, L. and van Straalen, N.M. (1993) Heavy metal adaptation in terrestrial invertebrates: A review of occurrence, genetics, physiology and ecological consequences. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 106C, 11–38.
Posthuma, L., Weltje, L. and Notenboom, J. (1995) Joint toxicity of metals in terrestrial oligochaete worms. Abstracts of the 5th SETAC-Europe Congress, Copenhagen, 1995. 197.
Tammes, P.M.L. (1964) Isoboles, a graphic representation of synergism in pesticides. Neth. J. Plant Pathol. 70, 73–80.
Vouk, V.B., Butler, G.C., Upton, A.C., Parke, D.V. and Asher, S.C. (1987). Methods for Assessing the Effects of Mixtures of Chemicals. Chichester: Wiley.
Vranken, G., Tire, C. and Heip, C. (1988) The toxicity of paired metal mixtures on the nematode Monhystera disjuncta Bastian, 1865. Marine Environ. Res. 26, 161–80.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Kohler, HR., Eckwert, H. The induction of stress proteins (hsp) in Oniscus asellus (Isopoda) as a molecular marker of multiple heavy metal exposure. II: Joint toxicity and transfer to field situations. Ecotoxicology 6, 263–274 (1997). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1018635012910
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1018635012910