Abstract
New possibilities of scanning electron microscopy, using secondary-and reflected-electron signals, for determining the position of heteroboundaries in long-wavelength laser structures are reported. The formation of the indicated signals in structures of mid-infrared-range lasers of a new type based on type-II GaInAsSb/InGaAsSb heterostructures as well as in the conventional InAsSb/InAsSbP heterostructures is analyzed. The observed characteristic features of the formation of secondary-and reflected-electron signals in these structures as compared with the well-studied AlGaAs/GaAs structures are explained. The results obtained are necessary for accurate determination of an important laser parameter — the position of the p-n junction. It is shown that it is best to use the reflected-electron signal.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
T. N. Danilova, O. G. Ershov, A. N. Imenkov, M. V. Stepanov, V. V. Sherstnev, and Yu. P. Yakovlev, Fiz. Tekh. Poluprovodn. 30, 1265 (1995) [Semiconductors 30, 667 (1995)].
H. K. Choi, G. W. Turner, and Z. L. Liau, Appl. Phys. Lett. 65, 2251 (1995).
D. H. Show, R. H. Miles, T. C. Hasenberg, A. R. Cost, Y.-H. Zang, H. L. Dunlap, and L. West, Appl. Phys. Lett. 64, 3700 (1995).
J. Faist, F. Capasso, C. Sirtori, D. L. Sivco, J. N. Baillargeon, A. L. Hutchinson, S. N. G. Chu, and A. J. Cho, Appl. Phys. Lett. 68, 3680 (1996).
A. I. Nadezhdinski and A. M. Prokhorov, Proc. SPIE 1724, 2 (1992).
K. D. Moiseev, M. P. Mikhailova, O. G. Ershov, and Yu. P. Yakovlev, Fiz. Tekh. Poluprovodn. 30, 399 (1996) [Semiconductors 30, 223 (1996)].
K. D. Moiseev, M. P. Mikhailova, O. G. Ershov, and Yu. P. Yakovlev, Pis’ma Zh. Tekh. Fiz. 23, 55 (1997) [Tech. Phys. Lett. 23, 151 (1997)].
J. Faist, F. Capasso, D. L. Sivco, C. Sirtori, A. Hutchinson, and A. Cho, Science 264, 553 (1994).
J. Faist, C. Sirtori, F. Capasso, D. L. Sivco, J. Baillargeon, A. Hutchinson, S.-N. Chu, and A. Cho, in CLEO-96, Anaheim, California, June 2–7, 1996, CPD9-2.
S. G. Konnikov, in Semiconductor Heterostructures, edited by Z. I. Alferov, CRC Press, 1990 (Mir, Moscow, 1989).
J. I. Goldstein et al., Scanning Electron Microscopy and X-Ray Microanalysis (Plenum Press, N. Y., 1981; Mir, Moscow, 1984, Vol. 1).
V. A. Solov’ev, S. A. Solov’ev, and V. E. Umanksii, Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Ser. Fiz. 54, 232 (1990).
S. G. Konnikov, V. A. Solov’ev, V. E. Umanskii, A. A. Khusainov, V. M. Chistyakov, and I. N. Yassievich, Fiz. Tekh. Poluprovodn. 21, 1648 (1987) [Sov. Phys. Semicond. 21, 997 (1987)].
V. A. Solov’ev, M. V. Stepanov, V. V. Sherstnev, and Yu. P. Yakovlev, Pis’ma Zh. Tekh. Fiz. 23, 54 (1997) [Tech. Phys. Lett. 23, 233 (1997)].
L. A. Bakaleinikov, S. G. Konnikov, V. A. Solov’ev, and V. E. Umanskii, Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Ser. Fiz. 51, 458 (1987).
A. Konkol, P. R. Wilshow, and G. R. Booker, Ultramicroscopy 55, 183 (1994).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
Fiz. Tekh. Poluprovodn. 32, 1300–1305 (November 1998)
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Solov’ev, V.A., Mikhailova, M.P., Moiseev, K.D. et al. Scanning electron microscopy of long-wavelength laser structures. Semiconductors 32, 1157–1161 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1134/1.1187581
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/1.1187581