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Metabolism of pentachlorophenol

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Abstract

Excretion of pentachlorophenol-14C in the urine of rats and mice after oral and intraperitoneal administration (10 to 25 mg/kg) was studied. 41 to 43% of the excretion activity was found to be present as unchanged pentachlorophenol. By means of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, one metabolite was identified as tetrachlorohydroquinone, representing 5 and 24% of the excreted activity in rats and mice, respectively. Conjugation with glucuronic acid could not be demonstrated by enzymatic hydrolysis since tetrachlorohydroquinone was found to be a potent inhibitor of β-glucuronidase, the I50 being 1.6 to 2.0×10−6 M. Boiling the urine with hydrochloric acid was shown to convert all of the excreted activity to pentachlorophenol and tetrachlorohydroquinone, the latter representing 43 and 46% in rats and mice, respectively. Tetrachlorohydroquinone was found in the urine of workers occupationally exposed to pentachlorophenol.

Zusammenfassung

Die Ausscheidung von 14C-Pentachlorphenol im Harn von Ratten und Mäusen wurde nach oraler und intraperitonealer Verabreichung in Dosen von 10 bis 25 mg/kg untersucht. 41 bis 43% der ausgeschiedenen Aktivität waren unverändertes Pentachlorphenol. Mittels kombinierter Gaschromatographie und Massenspektroskopie konnte ein Metabolit, der 5 bzw. 24% der ausgeschiedenen Aktivität bei Ratten bzw. Mäusen ausmacht, als Tetrachlorhydrochinon identifiziert werden. Das Vorhandensein von Glucuronsäure-Konjugaten ließ sich nicht durch enzymatische Hydrolyse nachweisen, da Tetrachlorhydrochinon ein starker β-Glucuronidase-Hemmer (I50 = 1,6 bis 2,0×10−6M) ist. Kochen des Harns mit HCl wandelte die gesamte ausgeschiedene Aktivität in Pentachlorphenol und Tetrachlorhydrochinon um. Davon entfielen 43 (Ratten) bzw. 46% (Mäuse) auf Tetrachlorhydrochinon. Tetrachlorhydrochinon konnte auch im Harn von Arbeitern nachgewiesen werden, die beruflich mit Pentachlorphenol in Kontakt kommen.

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Ahlborg, U.G., Lindgren, J.E. & Mercier, M. Metabolism of pentachlorophenol. Arch. Toxicol. 32, 271–281 (1974). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00330109

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00330109

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