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Disposition and pharmacodynamics of diuretics and antihypertensive agents in renal disease

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Summary

The pharmacodynamic actions and disposition of diuretic and antihypertensive agents may be significantly modified in subjects with renal disease. Most studies on this question have dealt with alterations in the elimination kinetics of these drugs and, while they generate descriptive data, minimal insight about changes in dose-response relationships or mechanisms of drug action are provided by such investigations. Several basic principles which may serve as useful guidelines in determining how renal failure will influence the response to drugs have been considered. They include the following: degree of renal malfunction, intrinsic toxicity of the drug, alternative pathways for drug metabolism and elimination, elimination pharmacokinetics and dose-response characteristics. Several classes of diuretic agents (thiazides, furosemide) and antihypertensive drugs (hydralazine, methyldopa, propranolol, prazosin, and clonidine) have been used as models to define how basic knowledge of renal and non-renal pathways for elimination of drugs and their pharmacodynamic actions may assist in establishing rational therapeutic regimens for these agents in patients with renal failure.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departments of Pediatrics and Pharmacology, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA

    B. L. Mirkin, T. P. Green & R. F. O'Dea

Authors
  1. B. L. Mirkin
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  2. T. P. Green
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  3. R. F. O'Dea
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Additional information

Some of the studies described in this manuscript were partially supported by grants from the United States Public Health Service (GM07466-04), the Minnesota Medical Foundation and the University of Minnesota Graduate School

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Mirkin, B.L., Green, T.P. & O'Dea, R.F. Disposition and pharmacodynamics of diuretics and antihypertensive agents in renal disease. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 18, 109–116 (1980). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00561487

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00561487

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