Summary
In this paper, an empirical procedure called “MMOUR” which is an indirect Measurement method using oxygen uptake rate with which to control biochemical reaction processes is proposed and discussed. This empirical estimation method has been sucessfully applied to the control problem of a laboratory-scale activated sludge system and was shown to be especially useful for a feed-back control strategy.
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Abbreviations
- ∈:
-
deviation of Rr/Rrm from the set-point [−]
- K:
-
proportional gain in Eq. (3) [ml/h]
- Kr :
-
specific oxygen uptake rate [mg-O2/mg-cell·h]
- Q:
-
inlet flow rate in activated sludge process [l/h]
- QR :
-
recycle flow rate of activated sludge [l/h]
- Δ QR :
-
deviation of QR from the nominal value calculated in Eq. (3) [l/h]
- Rr :
-
oxygen uptake rate [mg-O2/l·h]
- S:
-
COD concentration [mg/l]
- t:
-
time [h]
- Ti :
-
integral time in Eq. (3) [h]
- VL :
-
liquid volume of the aeration tank [l]
- W:
-
drawing flow rate of the excess sludge [l/h]
- X:
-
microorganisms concentration [mg/l]
- in:
-
inlet
- m:
-
maximum value
- R:
-
recycle
- out:
-
outlet
- cal:
-
estimated value
- set:
-
set-point
- −:
-
nominal value
- *:
-
observed value in Fig. 3
- CBR:
-
cyclic batch reactor
- COD:
-
chemical oxygen demand
- CSTR:
-
continuous stirred tank reactor
- DO:
-
dissolved oxygen
- MMOUR:
-
monitoring method with oxygen uptake rate
- SRT:
-
sludge retention time
References
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Cashion BS, Keinath TM, Schuk WW (1979) Control strategies for the activated sludge process. J WPCF 51:815
Cooney CL, Wang HY, Wang DIC (1977) Computer-aided material balancing for prediction of fermentation parameters. Biotechnol Bioeng 19:55
Mona R, Dunn IJ, Bourne JR (1979) Activated-sludge process dynamics with continuous total organic carbon and oxygen uptake measurement. Biotechnol Bioeng 21:1561
Olsson G, Andrews JF (1981) Estimation of loading change for the nitrifying activated sludge process. Preprint of IFAC 8th world congress at Kyoto, Session 108.3, Vol. 22:140
Wang HY, Cooney CL, Wang DIC (1977) Computer-aided baker's yeast fermentation. Biotechnol Bioeng 19:69
Zabriskie DW, Humphrey AE (1978) Real-time estimation of aerobic batch fermentation biomass concentration by component balancing. AIChE J 24:138
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Takamatsu, T., Shioya, S., Morisaki, K. et al. On-line monitoring and control of an activated sludge process for waste water using “MMOUR”. European J. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 14, 187–192 (1982). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00497898
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00497898