Abstract
A novel possibility to determine the temperature, density and velocity simultaneously in gas flows by measuring the average value, amplitude of modulation and phase shift of the photoluminescence excited by a temporally or spatially modulated light source is investigated. Time-dependent equations taking the flow, diffusion, excitation and decay into account are solved analytically. Different experimental arrangements are proposed. Measurements of velocity with two components, and temporal and spatial resolutions in the measurements are investigated. Numerical examples are given for N 2with biacetyl as the seed gas. Practical considerations for the measurements and the relation between this method and some existing methods of lifetime measurement are discussed.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Blint, R. J.; Bechtel, J. H.; Stephensen, D. A. 1980: Carbon dioxide concentration and temperature in flames by Raman spectroscopy. J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer. 23, 89–94
Bram, R. D.; Seiler, E. T.; LaRue, J. C.; Samnelsen, G. S. 1983: Instantaneous two-component laser anemometry and temperature measurements in a complex flow model combustor. AIAA Paper 83-0334
Bright, F. V.; Daniel, D. A.; Wilson, A.; Hieftie, G. M. 1986: Determination of subnanosecond fluorescence lifetime with a UHF television tuner and a cw or mode-locked laser. Appl. Spectro. 40, 683–687
Briks, J. B.; Munro, I. H. 1967: The fluorescence lifetimes of aromatic molecules. In: Progress in reaction kinetics (ed. Poter, G.). Vol. 4, pp 239–303. Oxford: Pergamon Press
Cheng, S.; Zimmermann, M.; Miles, R. B. 1983a: Supersonic-nitrogen flow-field measurements with the resonant Doppler velocimeter. Appl. Phys. Lett. 43, 143–145
Cheng, S..; Zimmermann, M.; Miles, R. B. 1983b: Mean square velocity, temperature and pressure fluctuation by LIF. Phys. Fluid. 26, 874–877
Fujii, S.; Gomi, M.; Equchi, K. 1983: A remote laserprobe system for velocity and temperature measurements. J. Fluids Eng. 105, 128–133
Fujii, S.; Gomi, M.; Equchi, K.; Yamayuchi, S.; Jin, L. 1984: Time resolved LDV and CARS measurements in a premixed reacting flow. Combust. Sci. Technol. 36, 211–226
Goodman, J. W. 1968: Introduction to Fourier optics. New York: McGraw-Hill
Goss, L. P.; Trump, D. D.; Roquemore, W. M. 1984: Simultaneous CARS and LDA measurements in a turbulent flame. AIAA J. 84-1458
Goss, L. P.; Trump, D. D.; Roquemore, W. M. 1988: Combined CARS/LDA instrument for simultaneous temperature and velocity measurements. Exp. Fluids 6, 189–198
Gross, K. P.; McKenzie, R. L.; Logen, P. 1987: Measurements of temperature, density, pressure and their fluctuations in supersonic turbulent using laser induced fluorescence. Exp. Fluids 5, 372–380
Keating-Nakamoto, S. M.; Cherck, N.; Lakowicz, J. R. 1987: Resolution of multicomponent fluorescence emission by phase sensitive detection at multiple modulation frequencies. Anal. Chem. 59, 271–278
Liu, Jian-bang; Pan Qi; Liu Chang-sheng; Shi Jie-rong 1988: Principles of flow field diagnostics by laser induced biacetyl phosphorescence. Exp. Fluids 6, 505–513
Luck, K. C.; Thielen, W. 1978: Measurements of temperature and OH concentrations in a lean methane-air flame using high resolution laser absorption spectroscopy. J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer. 20, 71–79
Miles, R. B. 1975: Resonant Doppler velocimeter. Phys. Fluids 18, 751–752
Miles, R. B.; Udd, E.; Zimmermann, M. 1978: Quantitative flow visualization in sodium vapour seeded hypersonic helium. Appl. Phys. Lett. 32, 317–319
Present, R. D. 1958: Kinetic theory of gases. New York: McGraw Hill
Rose, A.; Gupta, R. 1986: Application of photothermal and photoacoustic techniques to sooting flames. Opt. Commun. 56, 303–308
Smith, J. A.; Driscoll, J. F. 1975: The electron-beam fluorescence technique for measurements in hypersonic turbulent flows. J. Fluid Mech. 72, 695–719
Smith, J. R 1980a: Temperature and density measurements in an engine by pulsed Raman spectroscopy. SAE paper 800137
Smith, J. R. 1980b: Instantaneous temperature and density by spontaneous Raman scattering in a piston engine. AIAA Paper 80-1359
Stephered, I. G.; Moss, J. B.; Bray, K. N. C. 1982: Turbulent transport in a combined premixed flame. In: 19th Symposium (International) on combustion. (eds. Krier, H.; Dabora, E.). pp. 423–431. Ann Arbor/MI: Edwards Brothers
Ware, W. R. 1971: Transient luminescence measurements. In: Creation and detection of the excited state (ed. Lamola, A. A.). Vol. 1, part 1, pp 213–300. New York: Marcel Dekker
Worth, W. J.; Chen, S-H 1988: Phase-resolved subnanosecond spectroscopy using the beat frequencies from mode-locked laser. Appl. Spectroscopy 42, 483–486
Yquerabide, J.; Yquerabide, E. 1984: Nanosecond fluorescence spectroscopy. In: Optical techniques in biological research (ed. Rousseau, D. L.). pp 181–287. Orlando, Florida: Academic Press
Zimmermann, M.; Miles, R. B. 1980: Hypersonic-helium-flow-field measurements with the resonant Doppler velocimeter. Appl. Phys. Lett. 37, 885–887
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Liu, J.B., Liu, C.S. & Shi, J.R. Simultaneous measurement of temperature, density and velocity in gas flows by modulated photoluminescence. Experiments in Fluids 8, 199–208 (1989). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00195796
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00195796