Summary
Cycloheximide was shown to inhibit the transport of ions into the xylem of “salt-saturated” barley roots (Hordeum vulgare cv cape), and incorporation of L-[1-14C] leucine into protein within 40–60 min. Water flow across the roots of whole seedlings was not altered for at least 180 min. Uptake of ions into the cells of “salt-saturated” roots was not affected for 120 min, but was inhibited when treated with cycloheximide for more than 120 min. H+ efflux from “lowsalt” roots was inhibited by cycloheximide at about the same time as ion uptake. Measurement of ATP levels and O2uptake indicated that cycloheximide was not acting as an uncoupler of oxidative phosphorylation. The present data are considered to support the view that secretion of ions into the xylem vessels involves a specific protein with a short effective half-life, and is a separate process from active uptake into the cortical cells.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
Abbreviations
- ABA :
-
abscisic acid
- CCCP :
-
carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone
- CHM :
-
cycloheximide
- DNP :
-
2,4-dinitrophenol
- EPA :
-
p-fluorophenylalanine
- TCA :
-
trichloracetic acid
References
ap Rees, T., Bryant, J.A.: Effects of cycloheximide on protein synthesis and respiration in disks of carrot storage tissue. Phytochemistry 10, 1183–1190 (1971)
Bieleski, R.L.: The problem of halting enzyme action when extracting plant tissues. Analyt. Biochem. 9, 431–442 (1964)
Bieleski, R.L., Young, R.E.: Extraction and separation of phosphate esters from plant tissues. Analyt. Biochem. 6, 54–68 (1963)
Cocucci, M.C., Marrè, E.: The effects of cycloheximide on respiration, protein synthesis and adenosine nucleotide levels in Rhodotorula gracilis. Plant Sci. Letters 1, 293–301 (1973)
Cram, W.J., Laties, G.G.: The use of short-term and quasi-steady influx in estimating plasmalemma and tonoplast influx in barley root cells at various external and internal chloride concentrations. Aust. J. biol. Sci. 24, 633–646 (1971)
Cram, W.J., Pitman, M.G.: The action of abscisic acid on ion uptake and water flow in plants. Aust. J. biol. Sci. 25, 1125–1132 (1972)
Ellis, R.J., MacDonald, I.R.: Specificity of cycloheximide in higher plant systems. Plant Physiol. 46, 227–232 (1970)
Gardner, J.M., Scheffer, R.P.: Effects of cycloheximide and sulfhydryl-binding compounds on sensitivity of oat tissues to Helminthosporium victoriae toxin. Physiol. Plant Path. 3, 147–157 (1973)
Hiatt, A.J.: Relationship of cell sap to organic acid change during ion uptake. Plant Physiol. 42, 294–298 (1967)
Jackson P.C., Adams, H.R.: Cation-anion balance during potassium and sodium absorption by barley roots. J. Gen. Physiol. 46, 369–386 (1963)
Läuchli, A., Lüttge, U., Pitman, M.G.: Ion uptake and transport through barley seedlings: Differential effect of cycloheximide. Z. Naturforsch. 28c, 431–434 (1973)
Lüttge, U., Läuchli, A., Ball, E., Pitman, M.G.: Cycloheximide: A specific inhibitor of protein synthesis and intercellular ion transport in plant roots. Experientia (Basel) 30, 470–471 (1974)
Marrè, E., Lado, P., Rasi Caldogno, F., Colombo, R.: Correlation between cell enlargement in pea internode segments and decrease in the pH of the medium of incubation. II. Effects of inhibitors of respiration, oxidative phosphorylation and protein synthesis. Plant Sci. Letters 1, 185–192 (1973)
Marrè, E., Lado, P., Ferroni, A., Ballarin Denti, A.: Transmembrane potential increase induced by auxin, benzyladenine and fusicoccin. Correlation with proton extrusion and cell enlargement. Plant Sci. Letters 2, 257–265 (1974)
Marschner, H., Schimansky, Ch.: Suitability of using rubidium-86 as a tracer for potassium in studying potassium uptake by barley plants. Z. Pflanzenernähr., Bodenk. 128, 129–143 (1971)
Pitman, M.G.: Active H+ efflux from cells of low-salt barley roots during salt accumulation. Plant Physiol. 45, 787–790 (1970)
Pitman, M.G.: Uptake and transport of ions in barley seedlings I. Estimation of chloride fluxes in cells of excised roots. Aust. J. biol. Sci. 24, 407–421 (1971)
Pitman, M.G.: Uptake and transport of ions in barley seedlings. III. Correlation between transport to the shoot and relative growth rate. Aust. J. biol. Sci. 25, 905–919 (1972)
Pitman, M.G., Lüttge, U., Läuchli, A., Ball, E.: Action of abscisic acid on ion transport as affected by root temperature and nutrient status. J. exp. Bot., 25, 147–155 (1974)
Pitman, M.G., Mowat, J., Nair, H.: Interaction of processes for accumulation of salt and sugar in barley plants. Aust. J. biol. Sci. 24, 619–631 (1971)
Pitman, M.G., Schaefer, N., Wildes, R.A.: Stimulation of H+ efflux and cation uptake by fusicoccin in barley roots. Plant Sci. Letters 4, 323–329 (1975a)
Pitman, M.G., Schaefer, N., Wildes, R.A.: Relation between permeability of K+ and Na+ and fusicoccin stimulated H+ efflux in barley roots. Planta (Berl.) 126, 61–73 (1975b)
Polya, G.M.: Inhibition of protein synthesis and cation uptake in beetroot tissue by cycloheximide and cryptopleurine. Aust. J. biol. Sci. 21, 1107–1118 (1968)
Schaefer, N., Wildes, R.A., Pitman, M.G.: Inhibition by p-fluorophenylalanine of protein synthesis and of ion transport across the roots in barley seedlings. Aust. J. Plant Physiol. 2, 61–73 (1975)
Schram, E.: Use of scintillation counters for bioluminescence assay of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). In: The current status of liquid scintillation counting. pp. 129–133. Ed.: Bransome, E.D., New York-London: Grune & Stratton 1970
Sutcliffe, J.F.: The role of protein synthesis in ion transport. In: Ion transport in plants, pp. 399–406. Ed.: Anderson, W.P., London-New York: Academic Press 1973
Uhler, R.L., Russell, R.S.: Chloramphenicol inhibition of salt absorption by intact plants. J. exp. Bot. 14, 431–437 (1963)
Van Steveninck, R.F.M., Van Steveninck, M.E.: Effects of inhibitors of protein and nucleic acid synthesis on the development of ion uptake mechanisms in beetroot slices (Beta vulgaris). Physiol. Plant. 27, 407–411 (1972)
Wallace, A., Ashcroft, R.T., Leo, M.W.M., Wallace, G.A.: Effect of cycloheximide, gamma irradiation and phosphorous deficiency on root pressure exudation in tobacco. Plant Physiol. 45, 300–303 (1970)
Wildes, R.A., Pitman, M.G.: Pyruvate kinase activity in roots of barley seedlings in relation to salt status. Z. Pflanzenphysiol. 16, 69–75 (1975)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Wildes, R.A., Pitman, M.G. & Schaefer, N. Inhibition of ion uptake to barley roots by cycloheximide. Planta 128, 35–40 (1976). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00397176
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00397176