Summary
The ultrastructure of glycerol extracted thrombocyte models was studied before and after incubation with ATP and under the influence of Salyrgan as inhibitor of contraction. The contractile system of the thrombocytes—thrombosthenin—consists of a spatial network of 50 Å wide thrombosthenin A and 100–120 Å wide thrombosthenin M filaments. At rest, the contractile system is arranged in a marginal zone. The ATP-induced contraction led to a concentric condensation of the network which resulted in a central cluster of cell organelles and at a later stage, disruption of the plasma membrane and release of the thrombocyte granules. All these changes which also occur during the formation of the hemostatic plug in vivo are therefore attributed to the reaction of the contractile protein.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Behnke, O., Kristensen, B. J., Nielsen, L. E.: Electron microscopical observations on actinoid and myosinoid filaments in blood platelets. J. Ultrastruct. Res.37, 351–369 (1971).
Behnke, O., Zelander, T.: Substructure in negatively stained microtubules of mammalian blood platelets. Exp. Cell Res.43, 236–238 (1966).
Bettex-Galland, M., Lüscher, E. F.: Extraction of an actomyosin-like protein from human thrombocytes. Nature (Lond.)184, 276–279 (1959).
Bettex-Galland, M., Lüscher, E. F.: Thrombosthenin—a contractile protein from thrombocytes. Its extraction from human blood platelets and some of its properties. Biochim. biophys. Acta (Amst.)49, 563–547 (1961).
Bettex-Galland, M., Lüscher, E. F.: Thrombosthenin, the contractile protein from blood platelets and its relation to other contractile proteins. Advanc. Protein Chem.20, 1–35 (1965).
Bettex-Galland, M., Lüscher, E. F., Weibel, E. R.: Thrombosthenin—Electron microscopical studies on its localization in human blood platelets and some properties of its subunits. Thrombos. Diathes. haemorrh. (Stuttg.)22, 431–449 (1969).
Bettex-Galland, M., Portzehl, H., Lüscher, E. F.: Dissociation of thrombosthenin into two components comparable with actin and myosin. Nature (Lond.)193, 777–778 (1962).
Booyse, F. M., Sternberger, L. A., Zschocke, D., Rafelson, M. E.: Ultrastructural localization of contractile protein (Thrombosthenin) in human platelets using an unlabeled antibody-peroxidase staining technique. J. Histochem. Cytochem.19, 540–550 (1971).
Born, G. V. R.: Mechanism of platelet aggregation and of its inhibition by adencsine derivatives. Fed. Proc.26, 115–117 (1967).
Cohen, J., Bohak, Z., Vries, A., de, Katchalski, E.: Thrombosthenin M. Purification and interaction with thrombin. Europ. J. Biochem.10, 388–394 (1969).
Ebert, J.C., Schimmelbusch, C.: Experimentelle Untersuchungen über Thrombose. Virchows Arch. path. Anat.103, 39–87 (1886).
Grette, K.: The contractile protein of the platelets. Studies on the mechanism of thrombin catalyzed hemostatic reactions in blood platelets. Acta physiol. scand.56, Suppl. 195 (1962).
Hoffmann-Berling, H.: Adenosintriphosphat als Betriebsstoff von Zellbewegungen. Biochim. biophys. Acta (Amst.)14, 182–194 (1954).
Huxley, H. E.: The double array of filaments in cross striated muscle. J. biophys. biochem. Cytol.3, 631–648 (1957).
Huxley, H. E.: Electron microscope studies on the structure of natural and synthetic protein filaments from striated muscle. J. molec. Biol.7, 281–308 (1963).
Kelly, R. E., Rice, R. V.: Localization of myosin filaments in smooth muscle. J. Cell Biol.37, 105–116 (1968).
Keyserlingk, D. G.: Kontraktilität und Ultrastruktur glycerin-extrahierter Fibroblasten aus der Gewebekultur. Protoplasma67, 391–406 (1969).
Keyserlingk, D. G.: Über die Bedeutung des intracellularen, kontraktilen Systems für die Lokomotion der Fibroblasten. Cytobiologie1, 259–272 (1970a).
Keyserlingk, D. G.: Ultrastruktur glycerinextrahierter Dünndarmmuskelzellen der Ratte vor und nach Kontraktion. Z. Zellforsch.111, 559–571 (1970b).
Keyserlingk, D. G.: The ultrastructure of contractile elements in smooth muscle cells during various functional stages. In: Vascular smooth muscle (ed. by E. Betz) p. 121–124. Berlin-Heidelberg-New York: Springer 1972.
Movat, H. Z., Weiser, W. J., Glynn, M. F., Mustard, J. F.: Platelet phagocytosis and aggregation. J. Cell Biol.27, 531–542 (1965).
Portzehl, H.: Gemeinsame Eigenschaften von Zell- und Muskelkontraktilität. Biochim. biophys. Acta (Amst.)14, 195–202 (1954).
Rodman, N. F., Mason, R. G.: Platelet-platelet interaction: relationship to hemostasis and thrombosis. Fed. Proc.26, 95–105 (1967).
Rodman, N. F., Mason, R. G., McDevitt, N. B., Brinkhous, K. M.: Morphologic alterations of human blood platelets during early phases of clotting. Amer. J. Path.40, 271–284 (1962).
Rodman, N. F., Painter, J. C., McDevitt, N. B.: Platelet disintegration during clotting. J. Cell Biol.16, 225–241 (1963).
Salzman, E. W., Chambers, D. A., Neri, L. L.: Possible mechanism of aggregation of blood platelets by adenosine diphosphate. Nature (Lond.)210, 167–169 (1966).
Schulz, H.: Thrombocyten und Thrombose im elektronenmikroskopischen Bild, S. 76–77. Berlin-Heidelberg-New York: Springer 1968.
Weber, H. H., Portzehl, H.: Kontraktion, ATP-Cyclus und fibrilläre Proteine des Muskels. Ergebn. Physiol.47, 369–468 (1952).
Weissenfels, N., Schäfer-Danneel, S.: Nachweis des kontraktilen Substrats im Grundplasma gezüchteter Zellen. Zool. Anz., Suppl.-Bd.33, 383–388 (1969).
White, J. G.: The substructure of human platelet microtubules. Blood32, 638–644 (1968).
Zucker-Franklin, D., Bloomberg, N.: Microfibrils of blood platelets: Their relationship to microtubules and the contractile protein. J. clin. Invest.48, 165–175 (1969).
Zucker-Franklin, D., Nachman, R. L., Marcus, A. J.: Ultrastructure of thrombosthenin, the contractile protein of human blood platelets. Science157, 945–947 (1967).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Keyserlingk, D.G., Struwe, K. The ultrastructural arrangement of thrombosthenin in glycerol extracted thrombocytes. Z.Zellforsch 138, 557–567 (1973). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00572296
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00572296