Summary
Degeneration is observed in cells of the pyloric gland of Dendrodoa grossularia in which glycogen storage occurs. The ultrastructure of four phases of the degeneration cycle is described. Natural senescence seems to be the cause of the degeneration. Glycogen storage might be the result of metabolic disturbance, but its presence reveals the importance of glycogen in the function of the organ. The role of the pyloric gland is discussed.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Andries JC (1975) Differenciation et mort cellulaires au cours de la métamorphose mésentérique de la larve d'Aeschna cyana. J Microsc Biol Cell 24:327–350
Azéma M (1937) Recherches sur le sang et l'excrétion chez les Ascidies. Annls Inst Océan, Monaco 17:1–150
Boury Esnault N (1977) A cell type in sponges involved in the metabolism of glycogen. The gray cells. Cell Tissue Res 175:523–539
Brown AC, Davies AB (1971) The fate of thorium dioxide introduced into the body cavity of Ciona intestinalis. J Invert Path 18:276–279
Burnett AL (1967) Control of polarity and cell differentiation through autoinhibition: A model. Exp Biol Med 1:125–140
Burighel P (1970) Sviluppo e differenziamento del tubo digerente nel blastozooide dell ascidie coloniale Botryllus schlosseri (Pallas). Boll Zool 37:177–192
Busson Mabillon S (1971) Influence de la fixation chimique sur les ultrastructures. I-Etude sur les organites du follicule ovarien d'un poisson téléostéen. J Microsc 12:327–348
Cardell RR, Larnern J, Bacbcock MB (1973) Correlation between structure and glycogen content of livers from rats on a controlled feeding schedule. Anat Rec 177:23–38
Chatterjee B, Ghose KC (1973) Seasonal variations in stored glycogen and lipid in the digestive gland and genital organs of two freshwater Prosobranches. Proc Mal Soc, London 40:407–412
Colton HS (1910) The “Pyloric gland” of the ascidian Botryllus — an organ of excretion? Biol Bull Mar Biol Lab Woods Hole 19:35–51
Doezema P, Phillips JH (1970) Glycogen storage and synthesis in the gut of the purple sea urchin Strongylocentrotus purpuratus. Comp Biochem Physiol 34:691–697
Duveau A, Thiéry Y (1973) Inanition prolongée et ultrastructure du foie de grenouille. CR Soc Biol 167:491–196
Ermak TH (1975) Cell proliferation in the digestive tract of Styela clava (Urochordata, Ascidiacea) as revealed by autoradiography with tritiated thymidine. J Exp Zool 194:449–466
Ermak TH (1977) Glycogen deposits in the pyloric gland of the Ascidian Styela clava (Urochordata). Cell Tissue Res 176:47–55
Fando JJ, Garcia-Fernandez MC, Candela JL (1972) Glycogen metabolism in Ostrea edulis (L.). Factors affecting glycogen synthesis. Comp Biochem Physiol 43B:807–814
Fouque G (1953) Contribution à l'étude de la glande pylorique des Ascidiacés. Annls Inst Océan Monaco 28:189–317
Gäde G, Wilps H (1975) Glycogen degradation and end products of anaerobic metabolism in the fresh water bivalve Anodonta cygnea. J Comp Physiol 104:79–85
Gaill F (1973) Etude histologique de la glande pylorique de Synoicum argus (Polyclinidae, Tuniciers). Arch Zool Exp Gén 114:97–110
Gaill F (1974) Aspect ultrastructural de la glande pylorique et de l'intestin postérieur de Sidnyum argus (Polyclinidae, Tuniciers). Cah Biol Mar 15:337–341
Gaill F (1977) Morphologie et histologie de la glande pylorique des Styelidae (Ascidies). Bull Mus Natn Hist Nat Paris 491:1041–1055
Gaill F, Lasserre P (1977) Modifications osmotiques dans le sang et l'urine de l'ascidie Molgula manhattensis (Ascidiacea) adaptée à différentes salinités. CR Acad Sci Paris 285:1343–1346
Godeaux J (1954) Observations sur la glande pylorique des Thaliacés. Ann Soc Roy Zool, Belgique 85:103–118
King RC, Koch EA (1963) Studies on the ovary follicule cells of Drosophila. Qua TJ Microsc 104:297–320
Lhonore J (1973) Application conjointe de méthodes morphologiques, cytochimiques et d'analyse par spectrographie des rayons X, à l'étude de l'appareil excréteur de Gryllotalpa gryllotalpa Latr. (Orthoptére, Gryllotalpidae). Arch Zool Exp Gen 114:439–474
Mirre C, Thouveny Y (1977) Etude ultrastructurale de la glande pylorique de l'ascidie Botryllus schlosseri P. Bull Soc Zool France 102:439–444
Novikoff AB, Shin WY (1964) The endoplasmic reticulum in the Golgi zone and its relations to microbodies, Golgi apparatus and autophagic vacuoles in rat liver cells. J Microsc 3:187
Orci L, Stauffacher W (1971) Glycogenosomes in renal tubular cells of diabetic animals. J Ultr Res 36:499–503
Reynolds ES (1963) The use of lead citrate at high pH as an electron-opaque stain in electron microscopy. J Cell Biol 17:208–213
Ryman BE, Whelan WJ (1971) New aspects of glycogen metabolism. In: Advances in enzymology. Interscience 34:285–443
Steiner JW, Muyai MD, Melville JP (1964) Electron microscopy of particle arrays in liver cells of ethionine intoxicated rats. Amer J Pathol 44:169–213
Trump BF, Goldblatt PJ, Stowell RE (1962) An electron microscopic study of early cytoplasmic alterations in hepatic parenchymal cells of mouse during necrosis in vitro (autolysis). Lab Invest 11:986–1015
Trump BF, Goldblatt PJ, Stowell RE (1965) Studies on the mouse liver necrosis in vitro. Ultrastructural and cytochemical alterations in hepatic parenchymal nuclei. Lab Invest 14:1969–1999
Vonk HJ (1960) Digestion and metabolism. In: TH Wintermann (ed) Physiology of Crustacea vol 1, p 291. Academic Press, New York
Zwaan A, Zandee DI (1972a) Body distribution and seasonal changes in the glycogen content of the common sea mussel Mytilus edulis. Comp Biochem Physiol 43A:53–58
Zwaan A, Zandee DI (1972b) The utilisation of glycogen and accumulation of some intermediates during anaerobiosis in Mytilus edulis. Comp Biochem Physiol 43B:47–54
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Gaill, F. Glycogen and degeneration in the pyloric gland of Dendrodoa grossularia (Ascidiacea, Tunicata). Cell Tissue Res. 208, 197–206 (1980). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00234870
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00234870