Skip to main content
Log in

Distribution and morphological characteristics of the pit cells in the liver of the rat

  • Published:
Cell and Tissue Research Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Summary

Pit cells, on which almost no further contributions have been presented since the first report by Wisse et al. (1976), are described in detail in the rat liver. These cells show several characteristic features: 1) “rod-cored vesicles”, a new type of vesicular inclusion observed first in our study; 2) electron-dense granules, which we consider to arise from multivesicular bodies by the accumulation of dense material; and 3) well-developed pseudopodia. Although these features clearly differentiate pit cells from conventional lymphocytes, these two cell types display similarities (i) in a number of ultrastructural features, (ii) in the pattern of their intralobular distribution, and (iii) in their presence in the spleen and peripheral blood.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Bainton DF, Farquhar MG (1970) Segregation and packaging of granule enzymes in eosinophilic leukocytes. J Cell Biol 45:54–73

    Google Scholar 

  • Balis JU, Conen PE (1964) The role of alveolar inclusion bodies in the developing lung. Lab Invest 13:1215–1229

    Google Scholar 

  • Cardell PR, Hisaw FL, Dawson AB (1969) The fine structure of granular cells in the uterine endometrium of the Rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta) with a discussion of the possible function of these cells in relaxin secretion. Am J Anat 124:307–340

    Google Scholar 

  • Crofton RW, Diesselhoff den Dulk MMC, van Furth R (1978) The origin, kinetics, and characteristics of the Kupffer cells in the normal steady state. J Exp Med 148:1–17

    Google Scholar 

  • Daems WTh, Brederoo P (1973) Electron microscopical studies on the structure, phagocytic properties, and peroxidatic activity of resident and exudate peritoneal macrophages in the guinea pig. Z Zellforsch 144:247–297

    Google Scholar 

  • Fahimi HD (1969) Cytochemical localization of peroxidatic activity of catalase in rat hepatic microbodies (peroxisomes). J Cell Biol 43:275–288

    Google Scholar 

  • Farquhar MG (1971) Processing of secretory product by cells of the anterior pituitary gland. Mem Soc Endocrinol 19:79–124

    Google Scholar 

  • Fawcett DW (1981) The cell. 2nd ed. Saunders, Philadelphia London Tronto, pp 35–43

    Google Scholar 

  • Ferrarini M, Cadoni A, Franzi AT, Ghgliotti C, Leprini A, Zicca A, Grossi CE (1980) Ultrastructure and cytochemistry of human peripheral blood lymphocytes. Similarities between the cells of the third population and TG lymphocytes. Eur J Immunol 10:562–570

    Google Scholar 

  • Ferri S (1981) Ultrastructural study of the pit cell in a freshwater teleost liver. Arch Anat microsc 70:109–115

    Google Scholar 

  • Furth R van (1970) The origin and turnover of promonocytes, monocytes and macrophages in normal mice. In: Furth R van (ed) Mononuclear phagocytes. Blackwell, Oxford, pp 151–165

    Google Scholar 

  • Grossi CE, Ferrarini M (1982) Morphology and cytochemistry of human large granular lymphocytes. In: Herberman RB (ed) NK cells and other natural effector cells. Academic Press, New York, pp 1–8

    Google Scholar 

  • Grossi CE, Cadoni A, Zicca A, Leprini A, Ferrarini M (1982) Large granular lymphocytes in human peripheral blood: Ultrastructural and cytochemical characterization of the granules. Blood 59:277–283

    Google Scholar 

  • Hermo L, Clermont Y (1976) Light cells within the limiting membrane of rat seminiferous tubules. Am J Anat 145:467–484

    Google Scholar 

  • Hoffer AP, Hamilton D, Fawcett DW (1973) The ultrastructure of the principal cells and intraepithelial leucocytes in the initial segment of the rat epididymis. Anat Rec 175:169–202

    Google Scholar 

  • Holtzman E, Dominitz R (1968) Cytochemical studies of lysosomes, Golgi apparatus and endoplasmic reticulum in secretion and protein uptake by adrenal medulla cells of the rat. J Histochem Cytochem 16:320–336

    Google Scholar 

  • Holtzman E, Novikoff AB, Villaverde H (1967) Lysosomes and GERL in normal and chromatolytic neurons of the rat ganglion nodosum. J Cell Biol 33:419–435

    Google Scholar 

  • Hosemann W, Teutsch HF, Sasse D (1979) Identification of G6PDH-active sinusoidal cells as Kupffer cells in the rat liver. Cell Tissue Res 196:237–247

    Google Scholar 

  • Jones RG, Davis WL (1981) Ultrastructural changes in the lysosomes of rachitic intestinal absorptive cells. Tissue Cell 13:739–746

    Google Scholar 

  • Kaneda K, Wake K, Senoo H (1982) The “rod-cored vesicle”. A new type of vesicle in the pit cells. In: Knook DL, Wisse E (eds) Sinusoidal liver cells. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 77–84

    Google Scholar 

  • Locke M, Collins JV (1968) Protein uptake into multivesicular bodies and storage granules in the fat body of an insect. J Cell Biol 36:453–483

    Google Scholar 

  • Marsh MN (1975) Studies of intestinal lymphoid tissue. 1. Electron microscopic evidence of blast transformation in epithelial lymphocytes of mouse small intestinal mucosa. Gut 16:665–674

    Google Scholar 

  • Matter A (1974) The differentiation pathway of T lymphocytes: Evidence for two differentiated cell types. J Exp Med 140:566–577

    Google Scholar 

  • Miyagawa J, Ishimura K, Fujita H (1982) Fine structural studies of the reabsorption of colloid and fusion of colloid droplets in thyroid glands of TSH-treated mice. Cell Tissue Res 223:519–532

    Google Scholar 

  • Naito M, Wisse E (1977) Observations on the fine structure and cytochemistry of sinusoidal cells in fetal and neonatal rat liver. In: Wisse E, Knook DL (eds) Kupffer cells and other liver sinusoidal cells. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 33–60

    Google Scholar 

  • Neighbour PA, Huberman HS, Kress Y (1982) Human large granular lymphocytes and natural killing: Ultrastructural studies of strontium-induced degranulation. Eur J Immunol 12:588–595

    Google Scholar 

  • Norpanetaya W, Aghajanian J, Grisham JW, Carson JL (1979) An ultrastructural study on a new type of hepatic perisinusoidal cell in fish. Cell Tissue Res 198:35–42

    Google Scholar 

  • Novikoff AB, Holtzman E (1976) Cells and organelles. 2nd ed. Holt, Rinehart and Winston, New York, pp 42–44, 152–155

    Google Scholar 

  • Palay SL (1960) The fine structure of secretory neurons in the preoptic nucleus of the goldfish (Carassius auratus). Anat Rec 138:417–443

    Google Scholar 

  • Popper H (1977) Summary. In Wisse E, Knook DL (eds) Kupffer cells and other liver sinusoidal cells. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 509–514

    Google Scholar 

  • Reilly FD, McCuskey PA, McCuskey RS (1978) Intrahepatic distribution of nerves in the rat. Anat Rec 191:55–68

    Google Scholar 

  • Rhodin JAG (1974) Histology. A text and atlas. New York, Oxford Univ Press London, Tronto, pp 308

    Google Scholar 

  • Scheuermann DW (1982) Proliferation and transformation of lymphocytes in the lung capillaries of the rat: Ultrastructure, acid phosphatase and peroxidase cytochemisty. Acta Anat 113:264–280

    Google Scholar 

  • Scheuermann DW, De Groodt-Lasseel MHA (1977) EM-cytochemical localization of acid phosphatase activity on lymphocytes of the hepatic sinusoids of the rat. Acta Anat 99:312

    Google Scholar 

  • Seelig L, Billingham RE (1980) Intraepithelial lymphocytes. J Invest Dermatol 75:83–88

    Google Scholar 

  • Sleyster Ech, Westerhuis FG, Knook DL (1977) The purification of nonparenchymal liver cell classes by centrifugal elutriation. In: Wisse E, Knook DL (eds) Kupffer cells and other liver sinusoidal cells. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 289–298

    Google Scholar 

  • Smith RE, Farquhar MG (1966) Lysosome function in the regulation of the secretory process in cells of the anterior pituitary gland. J Cell Biol 31:319–347

    Google Scholar 

  • Sonoda M, Kobayashi K (1970) Lymphocytes of canine peripheral blood in electron microscopy. Jap J Vet Res 18:71–74

    Google Scholar 

  • Sorokin SP (1967) A morphologic and cytochemical study on the great alveolar cell. J Histochem Cytochem 14:884–897

    Google Scholar 

  • Sotelo JR, Porter KR (1959) An electron microscope study of the rat ovum. J Biophysic Biochem Cytol 5:327–342

    Google Scholar 

  • Timonen T, Ortaldo JR, Herberman RB (1981) Characteristics of human large granular lymphocytes and relationship to natural killer and K cells. J Exp Med 153:569–582

    Google Scholar 

  • Toner PG, Ferguson A (1971) Intraepithelial cells in the human intestinal mucosa. J Ultrastruct Res 34:329–344

    Google Scholar 

  • Turner WA, Taylor JD, Tchen TT (1975) Melanosome formation in the godfish. The role of multivesicular bodies. J Ultrastruct Res 51:16–31

    Google Scholar 

  • Wake K (1974) Development of vitamin A-rich lipid droplets in multivesicular bodies of rat liver stellate cells. J Cell Biol 63:683–691

    Google Scholar 

  • Wanson JC, Mosselmans R, Brouwer A, Knook DL (1979) Interaction of adult rat hepatocytes and sinusoidal cells in coculture. Biol Cellulaire 36:7–16

    Google Scholar 

  • Wisse E (1970) An electron microscopic study of the fenestrated endothelial lining of rat liver sinusoids. J Ultrastruct Res 31:125–150

    Google Scholar 

  • Wisse E (1977) Ultrastructure and function of Kupffer cells and other sinusoidal cells in the liver. In: Wisse E, Knook DL (eds) Kupffer cells and other liver sinusoidal cells. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 33–60

    Google Scholar 

  • Wisse E (1978) Kupffer cells and peritoneal macrophages are different types of cells. Blood Cells 4:319–322

    Google Scholar 

  • Wisse E, Daems WTh (1970) Fine structural study on sinusoidal lining cells of rat liver. In: Furth R van (ed) Mononuclear phagocytes. Blackwell, Oxford, pp 200–215

    Google Scholar 

  • Wisse E, Knook DL (1979) The investigation of sinusoidal cells. A new approach to the study of liver function. In: Popper H, Schaffner F (eds) Progress in liver diseases. Vol 6, Grun & Stratton, New York, pp 153–171

    Google Scholar 

  • Wisse E, van't Noordende JM, van der Meulen J, Daems WTh (1976) The pit cell. Description of a new type of cell occurring in rat liver sinusoids and peripheral blood. Cell Tissue Res 173:423–435

    Google Scholar 

  • Zahlten RN, Rogoff TM, Steer CJ (1981) Isolated Kupffer cells, endothelial cells and hepatocytes as investigative tools for liver research. Fed Proc 40:2460–2468

    Google Scholar 

  • Zuccarello V (1981) Ultrastructural and cytochemical study on the enzyme gland of the foot of a mollusc. Tissue Cell 13:701–713

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Kaneda, K., Wake, K. Distribution and morphological characteristics of the pit cells in the liver of the rat. Cell Tissue Res. 233, 485–505 (1983). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00212219

Download citation

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00212219

Key words

Navigation