Summary
The submaxillary glands of 39 mice and 4 rats are studied comparatively by means of light and electron microscopy. Osmic acid and glutaraldehyde are used as fixatives. The use of the latter favours the discrimination and the study of the two secretory units of the gland: acinus and secretory duct.
The secretory cells of these two units show an extensive ergastoplasm; they differ from each other through the way the ergastoplasm is arranged, the development of the Golgi complex, and the morphology of the secretory granules. The ultrastructural aspect and the histochemical properties suggest that the cells of the secretory duct produce a secretory product which is predominantly serous, whereas the secretory product of the acinar cells is rich in mucous components. Nothing speaks in favour of a transition of one cell to the other; the absence of stages of differentiation in the cells of a properly nourished animal is startling.
The secretory channels show a complexity which, so far, has not been appreciated: they comprise distinct intercalated ducts for each of the two types of glandular islets, specific ducts serving the crescents of Gianuzzi, and striated ducts.
Résumé
La glande sous-maxillaire de 39 souris et de 4 rats a été examinée comparativement au microscope optique et électronique après fixation à l'acide osmique ou à la glutaraldéhyde. Cette dernière fixation favorise la mise en évidence et l'étude des deux unités sécrétoires de la glande: l'acinus et le tubule granuleux.
Les cellules sécrétoires des deux unités comportent un ergastoplasme très étendu mais se distinguent par l'arrangement de cet ergastoplasme, le dèveloppement de l'appareil de Golgi et la morphologie des grains sécrétoires. L'aspect ultrastuctural et les propriétés histochimiques suggèrent que la cellule du tubule granuleux élabore un produit sécrétoire à prédominance séreuse, la cellule acineuse une substance riche en composants muqueux. Rien ne parleen faveur du passage d'une cellule à l'autre et l'absence d'image de différenciation chez l'animal alimenté normalement est frappante.
Les voies excrétrices sont d'une complexité non reconnue jusqu'à présent: elles comprennent des canaux intercalaires distincts pour chacun des deux types d'ilôts glandulaires, des canaux bien définis desservant les croissants de Giantuzzi, et des canaux striés.
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Les auteurs remercient mademoiselle J. Louis pour son assistance technique dévouée.
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Hollmann, K.H., Verley, J.M. La glande sous-maxillaire de la souris et du rat. Zeitschrift für Zellforschung 68, 363–388 (1965). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00342553
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00342553