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Chemical microscopy of platinum metals and gold: Reactions with 4,4′-dipyridyldihydrochloride

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Summary

It has been shown that an acid solution of 4,4′-dipyridyldihydrochloride can serve to identify low concentrations of most of the platinum metals and gold in 1-N hydrochloric acid solutions of their chlorides by the separation of characteristic micro crystalline precipitates. The reagent was most effective for palladium(II) and platinum(IV), which could be identified in a 20-μl drop of sample containing less than 0.6μg of metal. Under the conditions imposed, rhodium (III) was the only platinum metal which failed to yield a precipitate. By contrast, under similar conditions 2,2′-dipyridyl failed to yield a crystalline precipitate with rhodium(III), ruthenium (III), and iridium(III). Cupric ion caused the separation of a crystalline complex with 4,4′-dipyridyl reagent only at a relatively high metal concentration.

Zusammenfassung

Eine saure Lösung von 4,4′-Dipyridyldihydrochlorid eignet sich zum Nachweis geringer Konzentrationen der meisten Platinmetalle und des Goldes in 1-n salzsauren Lösungen ihrer Chloride durch charakteristische Mikrokristallfällungen. Am wirksamsten ist das Reagens gegenüber Pd(II) bzw. Pt(IV), von denen sich weniger als 0,6μg in einem 20-μl-Tropfen nachweisen lassen. Unter den angegebenen Bedingungen gibt Rh(III) als einziges Platinmetall keinen Niederschlag. Dagegen gibt 2,2′-Dipyridyl unter diesen Bedingungen außer mit Rh(III) auch mit Ru(II) und Ir(III) keine kristalline Fällung. Kupfer(II)-ionen bilden mit 4,4′-Dipyridyl erst in relativ hoher Konzentration eine kristallisierte Komplexverbindung.

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References

  1. H. F. Schaeffer, Microchem. J., Symp. Ser.2, 165 (1962).

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Schaeffer, H.F. Chemical microscopy of platinum metals and gold: Reactions with 4,4′-dipyridyldihydrochloride. Mikrochim Acta 58, 148–153 (1970). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01218109

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01218109

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