Summary
-
1.
Some direct information about the particulate components of dried protoplasmic materials from a wide variety of species has been obtained by means of the electron microscope.
-
2.
In all of the protoplasms examined thus far submicroscopic particles over a wide range of sizes are found; that is, from microscopically visible particles to particles at the molecular-micellar borderline.
-
3.
Further, as regards size distribution, the very minute particles seem much more numerous in quantity than the larger ones at the microscopicmicellar borderline.
-
4.
A more detailed examination of the larger submicroscopic particles near the microscopic-micellar borderline reveals many different types of shapes and internal structures.
-
5.
At the molecular-micellar borderline great individuality is indicated. The possibility of relating the molecular structural work to particle studies with the electron microscope at the micellar-molecular borderline seems evident.
Similar content being viewed by others
Literature
Barnum, C. P., and R. A. Huseby: Arch. Biochem.19, 17, 1948.
Bayliss, W. M.: Proc. Roy. Soc. Lond.91B, 196, 1920.
Bensley, R. R.: Science96, 389, 1942.
—: Anat. Rec.98, 609, 1947.
Buchholz, J. T.: Amer. Jour. Bot.34, 445, 1947.
Chambers, R.: Jour. Exp. Zool.23, 483, 1917.
Claude, A.: Cold Spring Harbor Symp. on Quant. Biol.9, 263, 1941.
—: Science97, 451, 1943.
—: Biol. Symp.10, 111, 1943.
—: Jour. Exp. Med.80, 19, 1944.
— and E. F. Fullam: Jour. Exp. Med.81, 51, 1945.
Claude, A., and E. F. Fullam: Jour. Exp. Med. 83, 499, 1946.
—: Jour. Exp. Med.84, 51, 1946.
—: Harvey Lectures43, 121, 1947–48.
—: Adv. Prot. Chem.5, 423, 1949.
Frey-Wyssling, A.: Submicroscopic Morphology of Protoplasm and its Derivatives, New York 1948.
Gaidukov, N.: Ber. d. Deutschen Botan. Gesellsch.24, 107, 155, 580, 1906.
- Dunkelfeldbeleuchtung und Ultramikroskopie in der Biologie und in der Medizin, Jena 1910.
Huseby, R. A., and C. P. Barnum: Arch. Biochem.26, 187, 1950.
Lazarow, A.: Biol. Symp.X, 9, 1943.
Mott, F. W.: Brit. Med. Jour. Sept. 28th, 780, 1912.
Porter, K. R., A. Claude, and E. F. Fullam: Jour. Exp. Med.81, 233, 1945.
Price, S. R.: Ann. Bot.28, 601, 1914.
Schneider, W. C., and G. H. Hogeboom: Cancer Research11, 1, 1951.
Seifriz, W.: Protoplasm, New York 1936.
Sponsler, O. L.: Plant Physiology4, 329, 1929.
—: The Quarterly Review of Biology VIII, No. 1, 1, 1933.
- The Cell and Protoplasm, Publication No. 14 A.A.A.S., 166, 1940.
- 2nd Growth Supplement 1, 1940.
- and Jean D. Bath: Symposium of the American Society of Plant Physiologists on the Structure of Protoplasm41, ed. by Wm. Seifriz, 1942.
- Science in the University, Berkeley, 159, 1944.
- and Jean D. Bath: Jour. Cell. and Comp. Physiol. In press, 1952.
Stern, K. G.: Biol. Symp. X, 291, 1943.
Taylor, C. V.: Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. and Med.22, 533, 1925.
Wyckoff, R. W. G.: Electron Microscopy, New York 1949.
—: Amer. Sci.39, 561, 1951.
—: Adv. Prot. Chem. VI, 1, 1951.
Zsigmondy, R. A.: Colloids and the Ultramicroscope, New York 1909.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Sponsler, O.L., Bath, J.D. A view of submicroscopic components of protoplasm as revealed by the electron microscope. Protoplasma 42, 69–76 (1953). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01248657
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01248657