Summary
An automatic method based on the combination of a flow injection (FI) manifold with a liquid chromatograph has been developed for the enrichment and determination of transition metal ions in water samples. Alternatively, the FI configuration can be used as a screening system for the determination of the total concentration of heavy metals. Two-parameter expressions for calibration graphs involving preconcentration time and concentration of the analytes were established for both the FIA and the integrated FIA/HPLC methods. The preconcentration time depends on the concentration level of the analytes in the samples. The method is linear in the range 2–200 ng/ml, with r.s.d. values between 1.5 and 5.0. It has been applied to the determination of copper, lead, zinc, nickel, cobalt, cadmium and manganese in synthetic water samples.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
F. Lázaro, M. D. Luque de Castro, M. Valcárcel, J. Chromatogr.,448, 173 (1988).
A. Membiela, F. Lázaro, M. D. Luque de Castro, M. Valcárcel, Anal. Chim. Acta,249, 461 (1991).
M. T. Tena, P. Linares, M. D. Luque de Castro, M. Valcárcel, Chromatographia33, 449 (1992).
M. D. Luque de Castro, J. M. Fernández-Romero, J. Chromatogr. Sci.,29, 15 (1991).
R. M. Cassidy, B. D. Karcher, in: Reaction-Detection in Liquid Chromatography, I.S. Krull (Ed.), Marcel Dekker, New York, 1986, pp. 129–194
H. Lingeman, W. J. M. Underberg (Eds.), Detection Oriented Derivatization Techniques in Liquid Chromatography, Marcel Dekker, New York, 1990.
K. Robards, P. Starr, E. Patsalides, Analyst,116, 1247 (1991).
P. R. Haddad, P. E. Jackson, J. Chromatogr. Library, vol. 46, Ion Chromatography, Principles and Applications, Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1990
K. Terada, Anal. Sci.,7, 187 (1991).
R. M. Cassidy, S. J. Elckuck, J. Chromatogr. Sci.,19, 503 (1981).
F. C. Smith, R. C. Chang, CRC Crit. Rev. Anal. Chem.,9, 197 (1980).
Bio-Rad Laboratories, Product Information 2020, March 1981.
J. P. Riley, D. Taylor, Anal. Chim. Acta,40, 179 (1968).
S. Olsen, L. C. R. Pessenda, J. Ruzicka, E. H. Hansen, Analyst,108, 905 (1983).
S. C. Pai, P. Y. Whung, R. L. Lai, Anal. Chim. Acta211, 257 (1988).
S. C. Pai, Anal. Chim. Acta,211, 271 (1988).
P. R. Haddad, P. E. Jackson, J. Chromatogr. Library, vol. 46, Ion Chromatography, Principles and Applications, Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1990, p. 401.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Richter, P., Fernández-Romero, J.M., Luque de Castro, M.D. et al. Integrated FIA/HPLC method for preconcentration and determination of transition metal ions. Chromatographia 34, 445–449 (1992). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02290233
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02290233