Summary
The possible effects of inhibition of the calcium-binding protein, calmodulin, on mammalian morphogenesis have been investigated by culturing rat embryos in vitro from 9 1/2 to 11 1/2 days of development in the presence of R24571 (calmidazolium), a specific inhibitor of calmoldulin. Embryos cultured in 10−2 mM R24571 for 48 h show inhibited development and exhibit a range of morphogenetic abnormalities including assymetry and neural tube defects. Embryos exposed to R24571 for the first 24 h of a 48 h culture are more severely affected than embryos exposed to R24571 for the last 24 h.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Perry, M., J. Embryol. exp. Morph.33 (1975) 127.
Nakatsuji, N., Dev. Biol.68 (1979) 140.
Odell, G. M., Oster, G., Alberch, P., and Burnside, B., Dev. Biol.85, (1981) 446.
Moran, D., and Rice, R. W., Nature261 (1976) 497.
Lee, H., Nagele, R., and Karasanyi, N., Experientia34 (1977) 518.
Reed, P. W., and Lardy, M. A., J. biol. Chem.247 (1972) 6970.
Schaffe, O., Cell Calcium2 (1980) 1.
Van Belle, H., Cell Calcium2 (1981) 483.
New, D. A. T., Coppola, P., and Terry, S., J. Reprod. Fert.35 (1973) 135.
Brown, N. A., and Fabro, S., Teratology24 (1981) 65.
Karnovsky, M. J., J. Cell Biol.27 (1965) 137A
Lowry, O. H., Rosebrough, N. J., Farr, A. L., and Randell, R. J., J. biol. Chem.193 (1951) 265.
O'Shea, K. S., Birth Defects18 (1982) 95.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
Acknowledgments. We wish to thank Mr C. Veltkamp and Mr B. lewis for their expert help with the scanning electron microscopy and photography.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Smedley, M., Stanisstreet, M. Effect of the calmodulin inhibitor R24571 (calmidazolium) on rat embryos cultured in vitro. Experientia 40, 992–994 (1984). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01946475
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01946475