Abstract
Field evaluations ofBacillus thuringiensis Berliner serotype 14 and the nematodeSteinernema feltiae Filipjev 1934 (=Neoaplectana carpocapsae) were conducted againstSimulium ocharaceum Walker and other simuliid vectors of onchocerciasis in Mexico.B. thuringiensis was highly toxic, causing up to 100 % larval mortality, but only for short distances downstream. Increased dosage did not enhance downstream carry ofB. thuringiensis. Highest rates of mortality were recorded against early instar larvae. Stream treatment withS. feltiae did not result in significant larval mortality because the infectivestage nematodes were either not ingested or were injured during ingestion by the larval mouthparts.
Résumé
Des expérimentations dans la nature avecBacillus thuringiensis Berliner, serotype 14, et le nématodeSteinernema feltiae Filipjev (=Neoaplectana feltiae) ont été réalisées contreSimulium ochraceum Walker et d'autres simulies vectrices de l'onchocercose au Mexique.B. thuringiensis a été fortement toxique et a provoqué jusqu'à 100 % de mortalité mais seulement sur de courtes distances dans le courant. L'augmentation des doses n'a pas entraîné d'amélioration. Les taux de mortalité les plus élevés furent obtenus chez les larves des jeunes stades. le traitement du cours d'eau avecS. feltiae n'a pas abouti à une mortalité significative parce que les stades infestants du nématode étaient soit non ingérés, soit lésés lors de l'ingestion par les pièces buccales des larves.
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Gaugler, R., Kaplan, B., Alvarado, C. et al. Assessment ofBacillus thuringiensis serotype 14 andSteinernema feltiae [Nematoda: Steinernematidae] for control of theSimulium vectors of onchocerciasis in Mexico. Entomophaga 28, 309–315 (1983). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02372182
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02372182