Abstract
The classical methods used in beam cooling are hard to be adapted for a beam of short-lived elementary particles. A novel method, the so-called frictional cooling – that is cooling a beam of low-energy charged particles by moderation in matter and acceleration in an electrostatic field – has been shown to be feasible. In our experiments performed in 1994/1995 a beam of short-lived particles was cooled for the first time ever. Utilizing frictional cooling on a beam of slow negative muons we observed increase in phase space density by about one order of magnitude.
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Mühlbauer, M., Daniel, H., Hartmann, F. et al. Frictional cooling: Experimental results. Hyperfine Interactions 119, 305–310 (1999). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1012624501134
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1012624501134