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Thermal analysis and thermochemistry of alkali metal hexachlorostannates

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Abstract

The thermal behaviour of alkali metal hexachlorostannates of general formula A2SnCl6 (A=Li, Na, K, Cs, Rb) has been studied by thermoanalytical methods (dynamic TG, DTG and DTA, and Q-TG). The compounds decompose upon heating with total (A=Li, Na) or partial (A=K, Rb, Cs) release of SnCl4 molecules to the gaseous phase. The enthalpies of the decomposition process have been evaluated on the basis of the Van't Hoff equation and using dynamic TG curves. The thermochemistry of the compounds was thoroughly examined particularly, with regard to the enthalpies of formation and crystal lattice energies, as well as enthalpy changes characterizing the dissociation process. These data revealed that stability of the compounds markedly increase with an increase in the size of alkali metal cation.

Zusammenfassung

Mittels thermoanalytischer Methoden (dynamische TG, DTG, DTA, Q-TG) wurde das thermische Verhalten von Alkalimetall-hexachlorostannaten der allgemeinen Formel A2SnCl6 (A=Li, Na, K, Cs, Rb) untersucht. Die Verbindungen zersetzen sich beim Erhitzen unter totaler (A=Li, Na) oder partieller (A=K, Rb, Cs) Freisetzung von SnC4-Molekülen, die in die Gasphase übergehen. Die Enthalpien des Zersetzungsprozesses wurden auf der Grundlage der Van't Hoffschen Gleichung unter Zuhilfenahme dynamischer TG-Kurven ermittelt. Die Thermochemie dieser Verbindungen wurde gründlich untersucht, in besonderem Hinblick auf Bildungsenthalpie und Kristallgitterenergie als auch auf Enthalpieänderungen, die den Dissoziationsprozess näher beschreiben. Die Untersuchungen zeigen, daß die Stabilität der Verbindungen mit anwachsender Alkalimetall-Kationengröße zunimmt.

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Janiak, T., Nikel, I. & Blazejowski, J. Thermal analysis and thermochemistry of alkali metal hexachlorostannates. Journal of Thermal Analysis 36, 2205–2210 (1990). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01914154

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