Abstract
Carnation tissue was allowed to vitrify in liquid culture and ethylene production, ACC content and capacity to convert ACC to ethylene were measured in comparison to tissue developing normally on solid medium. Flask atmospheres of liquid cultures accumulated ethylene at a higher rate during the first four days. Daily ethylene production by vitrifying material decreased later. Ethylene emission by vitrifying tissues always remained above controls when subcultured daily to fresh medium. Explants and microsomal preparations from vitrifying carnations converted ACC to ethylene at a higher degree from the first day in liquid medium. ACC level markedly increased in vitrifying tissues during the first two days of liquid culture. Raising the level of ethylene in the atmosphere of solid cultures did not induce vitrification symptoms nor did use of inhibitors of ethylene biosynthesis in liquid cultures prevent the process. The role of ethylene in vitrification is reappraised.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Abeles FB (1983) Ethylene in plant biology. Academic Press, New York, 302 p
Boyer N, Desbiez MO, Hofinger M, Gaspar Th (1983) Effect of lithium on thigmomorphogenesis in Bryonia dioica. Ethylene production and sensitivity. Plant Physiol 72: 522–525
Boyer N, Gaspar Th (1980) Redistribution cellulaire des peroxydases de la Bryone à la suite d'une irritation tactile et d'un traitement par le lithium. C R Acad Sci Paris 291: 577–580
Crouzillat D, Desbiez MO, Penel C, Gaspar Th (1985) Lithium, aminoethoxyvinylglycine and cobalt reversal of the cotyledonary pricking induced growth inhibition of Bidens pilosus hypocotyl, in relation to ethylene production and peroxidases. Plant Sci Letters. In press
Earle E, Langhans R (1975) Carnation propagation from shoot tips cultured in liquid medium. Hort Sci 10: 608–610
Gaspar Th, Penel C, Thorpe TA, Greppin H (1982) Peroxidases 1970–1980. A survey of their biochemical and physiological roles in higher plants. Univ de Genève, Centre de Botanique, 324 p
Goldberg R, Catesson AM, Czaninski Y (1983) Some properties of syringaldazine oxidase, a peroxidase specifically involved in the lignification processes. Z Pflanzenphysiol 110: 267–279
Hakkaart FA, Versluijs JMA (1983) Some factors affecting glassiness in carnation meristem tip cultures. Neth J Pl Path 89: 47–53
Konze JR, Kende H (1979) Ethylene formation from 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid in homogenates of etiolated pea seedlings. Planta 146: 293–301
Kevers C, Coumans M, Coumans-Gilles MF, Gaspar Th (1984) Physiological and biochemical events leading to vitrification of plants cultured in vitro Physiol Plant 61: 69–74
Kevers C, Gaspar Th (1985) Soluble, membrane and wall peroxidases, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, and lignin changes in relation with vitrification of carnation tissues cultured in vitro. J Plant Physiol 118: 41–48
Letouze R, Daguin F (1983) Manifestation spontanée et aléatoire d'une croissance anormale en culture in vitro. Recherches de marqueurs métaboliques. Rev Can Biol Exp 42: 23–28
Lizada CC, Yang SF (1979) A simple and sensitive assay for 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid. Anal Biochem 100: 140–145
Mauch F, Hadwiger LA, Boller T (1985) Ethylene: Symptom, not signal for the induction of chitinase and β-1,3-glucanase in pea pods by pathogens and elicitors. Plant Physiol 76: 607–611
Mele E, Messeguer J, Camprubi P (1982) Effect of ethylene on carnation explants grown in sealed vessels. Proc 5th Intl Cong Plant Tissue and Cell Culture. Plant Tissue Culture 1982: 69–70
Phan CT, Letouze R (1983) A comparative study of chlorophyll, phenolic and protein contents, and of hydroxycinnamate: CoA ligase activity of normal and vitreous plants (Prunus avium L.) obtained in vitro. Plant Sci Letters 31: 323–327
Riov J, Yang SF (1982) Autoinhibition of ethylene production in citrus peel dises, Suppression of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid synthesis. Plant Physiol 69: 687–690
Robers LW, Miller AR (1983) Is ethylene involved in xylem differentiation? Vistas Plant Sci 6: 1–24
Rohwer F, Mäder M (1981) The role of peroxidase in ethylene formation from 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid. Z Pflanzenphysiol 104: 363–372
Yang SF, Hoffman NE (1984) Ethylene biosynthesis and its regulation in higher plants. Ann Rev Plant Physiol 35: 155–189
Yoshii H, Imaseki H (1982) Regulation of auxin-induced ethylene biosynthesis. Repression of inductive formation of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase by ethylene. Plant Cell Physiol 23: 639–649
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Kevers, C., Gaspar, T. Vitrification of carnation in vitro: Changes in ethylene production, ACC level and capacity to convert ACC to ethylene. Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult 4, 215–223 (1985). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00040195
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00040195