Abstract
The oxidation behavior in air of pure vanadium, V-30Al, V-30Al-10Cr, and V-30Al-10Ti (weight percent) was investigated over the temperature range of 700–1000° C. The oxidation of pure vanadium was characterized by linear kinetics due to the formation of liquid V2O5 which dripped from the sample. The oxidation behavior of the alloys was characterized by linear and parabolic kinetics which combined to give an overall time dependence of 0.6–0.8. An empirical relationship of the form: ΔW/A=Bt + Ct1/2 + D was found to fit the data well, with the linear contribution suspected to be from V2O5 formation for V-30Al and V-30Al-10Cr, and a semi-liquid mixture of V2O5 and Al2O3 for V-30Al-10Ti. The parabolic term is presumed related to the formation of a solid mixture of V2O5 and Al2O3 for V-30Al and V-30Al-10Cr, and TiO2 for V-30Al-10Ti
The addition of aluminum was found to reduce the oxidation rate of vanadium, but not to the extent predicted by the theory of competing oxide phases proposed by Wang, Gleeson, and Douglass. This was attributed to the formation of a liquid-oxide phase in the initial stages of exposure from which the alloys could not recover. Ternary additions of chromium and titanium were found to decrease the oxidation rate further, with chromium being the most effective. The oxide scales of the alloys were found to be highly porous at 900° C and 1000° C, due to the high vapor pressure of V2O5 above 800° C.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
L. A. Willey, Appendix 1, Phase diagrams, inAluminum (Vol. 1), K. R. Van Horn, ed. (American Society for Metals, 1967), pp. 359–381.
A. J. Ardell and D. L. Douglass, Light-Weight Vanadium-Aluminum Alloys for High-Temperature Energy Applications, Research Proposal to the Universitywide Energy Research Group, UCLA, California, 1988.
N. Iwao, T. Kainuma, T. Suzuki, and R. Watanabe,J. Less Common Met. 83, 205 (1982).
J. D. Klicker and H. B. Bomberger, W. A. D. D. Tech. Rept. 60-405, Feb., 1961.
T. Yoneoka, T. Igarashi, M. Yamawaki, and M. Kanno,J. Japan Inst. Met. 44, 1251 (1980).
M. Yamawaki, T. Igarashi, T. Yoneoka, and M. Kanno,J. Japan Inst. Met. 44, 425 (1980).
W. R. Price and J. Stringer,J. Less Common Met. 8, 165 (1965).
A. Mukherjee and S. P. Wach,J. Less Common Met. 92, 289 (1983).
N. S. Bornstein and M. A. DeCrescente, inProperties of High Temperature Alloys (The Electrochemical Society, Princeton, NJ, 1976).
M. Kanno, M. Yamawaki, and T. Yoneoka, Proceedings JIMIS-3 (1983): High temperature corrosion,Trans. Japan Inst. Met. (Suppl., 1983).
C. Wagner,J. Electrochem. Soc. 99, 369 (1952).
G. Wang, B. Gleeson, and D. L. Douglass,Oxid. Met. 35, 317 (1991).
A. Y. Shinyayev and D. B. Butrymowicz,Met. Trans. 1, 1905 (1970).
K. Nakamura, S. S. Lau, M. A. Nicolet, and J. W. Mayer,Appl. Phys. Lett. 28, 277 (1976).
J. D. Kuenzly and D. L. Douglass,Oxid. Met. 8, 139 (1974).
National Bureau of Standards, Mono. 25, Sec. 9, 1971.
D. G. Alexander and O. N. Carlson,Met. Trans. 2, 2805 (1971).
J. L. Henry, S. A. O'Hare, R. A. McCune, and Marion P. Krug,J. Less Common Met. 21, 115 (1970).
W. R. Price, S. J. Kennett, and J. Stringer,J. Less Common Met. 12, 318 (1967).
T. Yoneoka, M. Yamawaki, and M. Kanno,J. Japan Inst. Met. 44, 1384 (1980).
J. Stringer,J. Less Common Met. 8, 1 (1965).
O. Kubaschewski and B. E. Hopkins,Oxidation of Metals and Alloys (Butterworth & Co., London, 1962).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Keller, J.G., Douglass, D.L. The high-temperature oxidation behavior of vanadium-aluminum alloys. Oxid Met 36, 439–464 (1991). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01151591
Received:
Revised:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01151591