Abstract
Cross sections for nuclear reactions at beam energies near and below the spherical Coulomb barrier V c were measured in the very heavy collision systems238U +238U and238U +197Au. The most probable reaction channel with mass transfer is the one-neutron transfer. Its excitation function is understood in terms of Rutherford trajectories together with the quantal process of neutron tunnelling over large distances. In addition, the exchange of up to 15 nucleons is observed down to 0.90 V c . The excitation functions for the multi-nucleon transfer products have much steeper slopes than that for one-neutron transfer, and are steeper for238U +197Au than for238U +238U, suggesting that nuclear contact is established in the associated collisions. The angular distribution for one selected multi-nucleon transfer product,227Th, shows that its formation occurs in more central collisions within contact times shorter than about 10−21 s. There is no evidence for very longlived di-nuclear systems in the these reactions.
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Dedicated to Prof. Dr. P. Kienle on the occasion of his 60th birthday
The authors thank the UNILAC staff for delivering beams of high quality, as well as H. Folger and his coworkers for the preparation of numerous targets. We are indebted to E. Jäger and E. Schimpf for technical assistance. We thank A. Diel, D. Gembalies-Datz, B. Görtz, R. Heimann, U. Othmer, P. Thörle and S. Zauner for their help in numerous chemical separations. This work has been supported by the German Federal Minister for Research and Technology (BMFT) under the contract number 06MZ552.
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Funke, F., Kratz, J.V., Trautmann, N. et al. Cross sections for nuclear reactions in collisions of238U+238U and238U +197Au near and below the coulomb barrier. Z. Physik A - Hadrons and Nuclei 340, 303–314 (1991). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01294679
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01294679