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Makromolekulare Besonderheiten des Lymphocyten der chronisch-lymphatischen Leukämie (CLL)

Molecular biology of the lymphocyte of the chronic lymphocytic leukemia

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Summary

Recent studies on the molecular biology of the lymphocyte of chronic lymphocytic leukemia confirm the neoplastic nature of these cells. Functional and structural differences in the biochemistry of DNA, RNA and proteins define the biological peculiarity of this disease in which oncorna viruses are probably of no pathogenetic importance. Cells of chronic lymphocytic leukemia are characterized by various macromolecular abnormalities: multiple DNA-polymerases after PHA-stimulation, decreased actinomycin binding capacity, altered transcription of the chromatin, elevated DNA-repair, increased RNA-synthesis, increased synthesis of ribosomal precursors combined with a failure in ribosomal maturation, different32P nucleotide composition and oligonucleotide frequencies of nuclear 45S RNA and ribosomal 28S RNA, impairment in stimulation of nucleolar “processing” by PHA, decreased lysosome and polysome content, functional impairment of ribosomes in cell-free systems, new hybridizable polyribonucleotide sequences in nuclear heterogeneous RNA as well as qualitative and quantitative differences in the nuclear proteins after two-dimensional mapping by gel electrophoresis. The interpretation of the CLL-lymphocyte as a B-like cell does not seem to be sufficient with respect to the new biochemical data.

Zusammenfassung

Die jüngsten molekularbiologischen Untersuchungen an Lymphocyten der chronisch-lymphatischen Leukämie bestätigen den neoplastischen Charakter dieser Zellen. Funktionelle und strukturelle, z.T. qualitative Unterschiede in der Biochemie von DNA, RNA und Proteinen belegen die biologischen Sonderstellung dieser Erkrankung, bei deren Pathogenese Oncornaviren nach den bisher gesicherten Befunden wahrscheinlich keine Bedeutung haben. Zellen der chronisch-lymphatischen Leukämie sind durch verschiedenste makromolekulare Abnormalitäten ausgezeichnet: multiple DNA-Polymerasen nach PHA-Stimulation, vermindertes Aktinomycin-Bindungsvermögen, veränderte Transcription des Chromatins, erhöhten DNA-repair, erhöhte RNA-Synthese, vermehrte Synthese ribosomaler Vorstufen bei mangelhafter Ribosomenreifung, veränderte32P-Nucleotidkomposition und veränderte Oligonucleotidfrequenzen in nuclearer 45S RNA und ribosomaler 28S RNA, mangelhafte Stimulierung des nucleolaren „processing“ durch PHA, verminderten Lysosomen- und Polysomengehalt, Funktionseinbuße der Ribosomen in zellfreien Systemen, neue Polyribonucleotidsequenzen in der nuclearen heterogenen RNA sowie durch qualitative und quantitative Veränderungen des Kernproteinmusters nach zweidimensionaler Gel-Elektrophorese. Die Interpretation des CLL-Lymphocyten als Bähnliche Zelle erscheint im Zusammenhang mit diesen neuen biochemischen Daten als nicht ausreichend.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Innere Klinik und Poliklinik (Tumorforschung) am Universitätsklinikum Essen, Germany

    S. Seeber & C. G. Schmidt

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  1. S. Seeber
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  2. C. G. Schmidt
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Mit Unterstützung durch das Landesamt für Forschung, Nordrhein-Westfalen, und die Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft.

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Seeber, S., Schmidt, C.G. Makromolekulare Besonderheiten des Lymphocyten der chronisch-lymphatischen Leukämie (CLL). Klin Wochenschr 52, 1093–1102 (1974). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01468619

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