Abstract
An arachidonic-producing fungus, Mortierella alpina 1S-4, was found to accumulate ω-unsaturated fatty acids of C-20 chain length together with ω1-hexadecenoic acid, ω1-octadecenoic acid and so on, when grown on 1-alkenes, i.e., 1-hexadecene and 1-octadecene. The results of mass spectroscopy and proton NMR showed that a C20 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) is a novel cis-5,8,11,14,19-eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5ω1). This PUFA was obtained at a yield of 0.13 mg/ml culture broth (2.8% of the fungal total fatty acid content) on cultivation of the fungus in a medium containing 4% (v/v) 1-hexadecene and 1% yeast extract at 28°C for 1 week. Investigation of the distribution of fatty acids showed that about 90% (by mol.) of the PUFA was present in the triglycerides and 10% was in the phospholipid fraction. About 70% of that found in the phospholipids was phosphatidylcholine (PC) and the value accounted for ca. 10% of the total fatty acid content. The formation of these ω-unsaturated fatty acids was presumed to occur through the arachidonic acid biosynthetic pathway (n-6 route).
Similar content being viewed by others
Abbreviations
- PUFA:
-
polyunsaturated fatty acid
- EPA:
-
cis-5,8,11,14,17-eicosapentaenoic acid
- TG:
-
triglycerides
- PS:
-
phosphatidylserine
- PC:
-
phosphatidylcholine
References
Cerniglia CE, Perry JJ (1974) Effect of substrate on the fatty acid composition of hydrocarbon-utilizing filamentous fungi. J Bacteriol 118:844–847
Christie WW (1982) Lipid analysis, 2nd edn. Pergamon Press, Oxford, pp 93–106
Folch J, Lees M, Sloane-Stanley GH (1957) A simple method for the isolation and purification of total lipids from animal tissues. J Biol Chem 226:497–509
Klug MJ, Markovetz AJ (1967) Degradation of hydrocarbons by members of the genus Candida. III. Oxidative intermediates from 1-hexadecene and 1-heptadecene by Candida lipolytica. J Bacteriol 93:1847–1852
Shimizu S, Kawashima H, Shinmen Y, Akimoto K, Yamada H (1988a) Production of eicosapentaenoic acid by Mortierella fungi. J Am Oil Chem Soc 65:1455–1459
Shimizu S, Shinmen Y, Kawashima H, Akimoto K, Yamada H (1988b) Fungal mycelia as a novel source of eicosapentaenoic acid: activation of enzyme(s) involved in eicosapentaenoic acid production at low temperature. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 150:335–341
Shimizu S, Akimoto K, Kawashima H, Shinmen Y, Yamada H (1989a) Production of dihomo-γ-linolenic acid by Mortierella alpina 1S-4. J Am Oil Chem Soc 60:237–241
Shimizu S, Kawashima H, Shinmen Y, Akimoto K, Yamada H (1989b) Microbial conversion of an oil containing α-linolenic acid to an oil containing eicosapentaenoic acid. J Am Oil Chem Soc 66:342–347
Shinmen Y, Shimizu S, Akimoto K, Kawashima H, Yamada H (1989) Production of arachidonic acid by Mortierella fungi: selection of a potent producer and optimization of culture conditions for large-scale production. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 31:11–16
Wada H, Murata N (1989) Synechocystis PCC6803 mutants defective in desaturation of fatty acid. Plant Cell Physiol 30:971–978
Yamada H, Shimizu S, Shinmen Y (1987) Production of arachidonic acid by Mortierella elongata 1S-5. Agric Biol Chem 51:785–790
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
Present address: Laboratory of Microbial Science, Institute for Fundamental Research, Suntory Ltd., Mishima-gun, Osaka 618, Japan
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Shimizu, S., Jareonkitmongkol, S., Kawashima, H. et al. Production of a novel ω1-eicosapentaenoic acid by Mortierella alpina 1S-4 grown on 1-hexadecene. Arch. Microbiol. 156, 163–166 (1991). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00249109
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00249109