Abstract
Changes in serum biochemical and hematological parameters were studied in 20 male rhesus monkeys following acute poisoning by the organophosphate nerve agent cyclohexylmethylphosphonofluoridate (CMPF or GF). Animals were challenged with 5 × LD50 GF (233 μg/kg, IM) following pretreatment with pyridostigmine (0.3–0.7 mg/kg per 24 h) and treated with atropine (0.4 mg/kg, IM) and either 2-PAM (25.7 mg/kg, IM) or HI6 (37.8 mg/kg, IM) at the onset of clinical signs or at 1 min after exposure. Muscle fasciculations, tremors, or convulsions occurred in 19 of 20 animals. Serum biochemical and hematologic parameters were analyzed 2 days and 7 days after exposure and compared to pre-exposure baseline values. Significant increases in creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LD), aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT) and potassium ion (K+), associated with damage to striated muscle and metabolic acidosis, occurred in both oxime-treated groups 2 days after exposure. Total protein, albumin, red blood cell (RBC) count, hemoglobin concentration (Hb) and hematocrit (Hct), were decreased in both oxime-treated groups at 7 days. The results demonstrate that animals exposed to a single high dose of GF and treated with standard therapy exhibit changes in serum biochemical and hematological indices directly and indirectly associated with their clinical presentations.
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The experiment reported here was conducted according to the “Guide for Care and Use of Laboratory Animals (1985)”, as prepared by the Committee on Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, National Research Council, NIH Publication No. 85-23. The opinions or assertions contained herein are the private views of the authors and are not to be construed as official or reflecting the views of the Department of the Army or the Department of Defense.
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Young, G.D., Koplovitz, I. Acute toxicity of cyclohexylmethylphosphonofluoridate (CMPF) in rhesus monkeys: serum biochemical and hematologic changes. Arch Toxicol 69, 379–383 (1995). https://doi.org/10.1007/s002040050187
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s002040050187