Summary
The plasma levels and excretion of tritium-labeled iloprost in healthy elderly male and female volunteers have been measured after i.v. infusion of 2 ng·kg−1·min−1 for 4 h and oral administration of 0.1 and 0.48 μg/kg.
During infusion, a steady-state of labeled compounds in the plasma was not achieved. Total radioactivity declined from a mean of 408 pg equiv/ml in three phases, with half-lives of 24 min, 1.7 h and 5.0 h, respectively. A steady-state of unchanged iloprost was reached rapidly with a peak of 81 pg/ml. Plasma levels declined biphasically with half-lives of 6 min and 31 min. Total clearance was 24 ml· min−1·kg−1.
Maximum concentrations of labeled substances after oral administration were 307 and 1,051 pg equiv/ml after 29 and 39 min respectively. The peak of unchanged iloprost (116 pg/ml) was observed 7.5 min after an oral dose of 0.48 μg/kg.
Bioavailability was 16%. Iloprost was totally metabolized and the metabolities were mainly excreted in urine. The main biotransformation products in plasma and urine were tentatively identified by cochromatography as dinor-and tetranoriloprost and their glucuronides. ADP-induced platelet aggregation was reduce by 60% during the i.v. infusion and 15 min after oral administration of 0.48 μg/kg. Heart rate and blood pressure were virtually unaffected. Common side-effects were facial flush, headache and nausea.
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Krause, W., Krais, T. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of radio-labeled iloprost in elderly volunteers. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 32, 597–605 (1987). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02455995
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02455995